Wang Fanglin, Li Xiang, Li Zhiyuan, Wang Shoushuai, Fan Jun
Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Fundamental Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Ministry of Public Health, And Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110122, China.
Stem Cells Int. 2020 Aug 1;2020:3763069. doi: 10.1155/2020/3763069. eCollection 2020.
The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are known as highly plastic stem cells and can differentiate into specialized tissues such as adipose tissue, osseous tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. The differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells is very important in regenerative medicine. Their differentiation process is regulated by signaling pathways of epigenetic, transcriptional, and posttranscriptional levels. Circular RNA (circRNA), a class of noncoding RNAs generated from protein-coding genes, plays a pivotal regulatory role in many biological processes. Accumulated studies have demonstrated that several circRNAs participate in the cell differentiation process of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in vivo. In the current review, characteristics and functions of circRNAs in stem cell differentiation will be discussed. The mechanism and key role of circRNAs in regulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, especially adipogenesis, will be reviewed and discussed. Understanding the roles of these circRNAs will present us with a more comprehensive signal path network of modulating stem cell differentiation and help us discover potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in clinic.
间充质干细胞（MSCs）是一种具有高度可塑性的干细胞，能够分化为脂肪组织、骨组织、肌肉组织和神经组织等特殊组织。间充质干细胞的分化在再生医学中非常重要。它们的分化过程受到表观遗传、转录和转录后水平信号通路的调控。环状RNA（circRNA）是一类由蛋白质编码基因产生的非编码RNA，在许多生物学过程中发挥着关键的调控作用。越来越多的研究表明，几种circRNA在体内外均参与间充质干细胞的细胞分化过程。在本综述中，将讨论circRNA在干细胞分化中的特征和功能。将对circRNA在调节间充质干细胞分化，尤其是脂肪生成中的机制和关键作用进行综述和讨论。了解这些circRNA的作用将为我们呈现一个更全面的调节干细胞分化的信号通路网络，并有助于我们在临床上发现潜在的生物标志物和治疗靶点。
