Larvicidal Activity and Histopathological Effect of Fruit Extract on from Surabaya, Indonesia.

has been long thought to have biological activity. The aim of this study was to determine the activity of primary and secondary metabolites from fruit extract on larvae mortality and midgut histopathology. Experiment was performed to third-instar larvae collected from Surabaya, which then exposed to crude fruit extract at various concentration for 24 hours. After exposure, larvae were evaluated of its mortality and fixed in 2.5% neutral buffer formalin before processed and sectioned into histological slides and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). Statistical analysis was performed using correlation to determine histopathological damage on midgut of larvae. Phytochemical screening of crude fruit extract found that it contained saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. Minimum concentration able to induce mortality on larvae (LC) was 977 ppm, while LC was at 1380 ppm. Severe alteration of larvae midgut was found after 24 hours exposure to 2000 ppm extract. Features of damage mostly found in larvae midgut were disruption of the microvilli, columnar cell vacuolization, epithelial nucleus crossed midgut lumen, and basal membrane damage. Damage caused by fruit extract in midgut of third instar larvae inhibited development of larvae. This study reported first finding of histopathological effect of fruits extract on larvae midgut. Result of study was expected to contribute to better understand extract bioactivity of this plant to be applied as natural larvicide for .