Erkoreka A
Basque Museum of the History of Medicine and Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Campus Leioa, Bilbao, Spain.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2020 Jul 4;61(2):E137-E142. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2020.61.2.1428. eCollection 2020 Jun.
The 1918-1919 influenza pandemic had a significantly different impact on mortality rates in Spanish and Portuguese provinces and cities. In this study, several small villages have been identified which were not affected at all by the Spanish influenza pandemic. These all shared a number of features in common: their villages were very small, comprising only a few hundred inhabitants; they were located in mountainous regions, with very poor transport infrastructure; and they were self-sufficient and capable of fulfilling their basic alimentary needs. Their inhabitants were conscious of the problem and acted together, effectively isolating themselves from surrounding villages. Since these villagers managed to avoid direct contact with ill people from other municipalities, the flu was not transmitted and the pandemic did not arise in their villages. In this paper, it is proposed that the human habitability spaces that meet these characteristics, I call them "Safe Villages" or "Shelter Village". Knowledge of the circumstances in which the 1918-1919 flu pandemic developed and of the means employed to resist it can help us to take relevant measures when faced with future pandemics.
1918 - 1919年的流感大流行对西班牙和葡萄牙的省份及城市的死亡率产生了显著不同的影响。在这项研究中，已经确定了几个完全未受西班牙流感大流行影响的小村庄。这些村庄都有一些共同特征：它们的村庄非常小，只有几百名居民；它们位于山区，交通基础设施非常差；并且它们自给自足，能够满足基本的饮食需求。其居民意识到问题所在并共同行动，有效地与周边村庄隔离开来。由于这些村民成功避免了与其他市镇的患病人员直接接触，流感没有传播，疫情也没有在他们的村庄爆发。在本文中，提出了符合这些特征的人类宜居空间，我将其称为“安全村”或“庇护村”。了解1918 - 1919年流感大流行的发展情况以及所采用的抵御手段，有助于我们在面对未来的大流行时采取相关措施。
