Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Tissue engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Parasitol Res. 2020 Dec;119(12):3929-3946. doi: 10.1007/s00436-020-06787-0. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
Leishmaniasis are neglected diseases and a public health problem; they are caused by protozoan species belonging to the genus Leishmania and mostly influences the poor populations in many developing countries. The lack of effective medications, and an approved vaccine, high toxicity and life-threatening side effects and many cases of drug resistance reported in different countries have resulted in the necessity to discover new, efficient, inexpensive, and safe antileishmanial compounds with less or no toxicity. This increase in consumer demand of natural herbal-derived plant extracts as alternative medicines continues despite the low scientific information to establish their efficacy and safety profiles. Various studies have been conducted so far concerning the application of herbal medicines for the treatment of leishmaniasis, but research on relatively effective and low toxic substances is still needed. In this review, we have summarized recent developments and reported studies concerning about herbal and naturally derived therapeutics in the treatment of leishmaniasis, conducted by several researchers worldwide. Some of these medical herbs with promising results have undergone prospective clinical researches, but many others have either not yet been explored. Recent articles described these medical herbs and their active and important molecules, including quinones, phenolic derivatives, lignans, tannins, terpenes, and oxylipins. We searched ISI Web of Science, PubMed, SID, Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct, and articles published up to 2019 were included. The keywords of leishmaniasis and some words associated with herbal medicines and natural products were used in our search. This review can serve as a quick reference database for researchers.
利什曼病是被忽视的疾病和公共卫生问题；它们是由原生动物物种引起的，属于利什曼属，主要影响许多发展中国家的贫困人群。缺乏有效的药物和批准的疫苗、高毒性和危及生命的副作用以及在不同国家报告的许多耐药病例，导致有必要发现新的、有效、廉价、安全的抗利什曼化合物，其毒性较低或没有毒性。尽管建立其疗效和安全性概况的科学信息很少，但消费者对天然草药衍生植物提取物作为替代药物的需求仍在增加。迄今为止，已经进行了各种关于草药在治疗利什曼病中的应用的研究，但仍需要研究相对有效和低毒性的物质。在这篇综述中，我们总结了最近的发展和报告的研究，涉及世界各地的几位研究人员对草药和天然疗法治疗利什曼病的研究。其中一些具有前景的药用植物已经进行了前瞻性临床研究，但还有许多其他药用植物尚未得到探索。最近的文章描述了这些药用植物及其活性和重要分子，包括醌类、酚类衍生物、木脂素、单宁、萜类化合物和氧化脂类。我们在 ISI Web of Science、PubMed、SID、Scholar、Scopus 和 Science Direct 上进行了搜索，并纳入了截至 2019 年发表的文章。我们的搜索使用了利什曼病和一些与草药和天然产物相关的关键词。这篇综述可以作为研究人员的快速参考数据库。
