Shandong (Jinan) Water & Waste Water Monitoring Center, No. 5111, Aotizhong Road, Jinan, 250101, People's Republic of China.
School of Municipal & Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, No. 1000 Fengming Road, li Cheng District, Jinan, 250101, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Dec;27(36):45605-45617. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-10426-7. Epub 2020 Aug 15.
The addition of Fe to TiO is one of the effective methods to inhibit the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes and thus improve the photocatalytic activity of TiO. The effect of PVDF-PVP-TiO-FeCl (PPTFe) membrane filtration-photocatalytic system on the removal of trace concentration of sulfadiazine (SD) in water was evaluated. A two-factor four-level experiment was established to optimize 16 self-made modified membranes. The optimal membrane was then characterized in seven tests (SEM, EDS, membrane pure water flux, contact angle, porosity, mean pore size, ATR-FTIR), resulting in the optimal ratio (PPTFe membrane with 1.2 wt%TiO and 0.8 wt%FeCl). Compared with the original membrane, the pore number, pore size, permeability, and hydrophilicity of the PPTFe membrane were all enhanced. The removal efficiency (92.63%) of SD by PPTFe membrane filtration-photocatalysis system was investigated. The reaction rate (0.0214 min) of the removal SD of the system was determined according to the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The removal performance of membrane type, pH, and water quality parameters (Cl, SO, NO, HA) on PPTFe membrane filtration-photocatalytic system were also made a deep inquiry. The results reflected that acidic conditions (pH = 3) were beneficial to SD removal, the presence of Cl, SO, and HA could inhibit SD removal, while the existence of NO was unaffected. Furthermore, the removal rate of SD in the actual water body was displayed well in this system. Finally, the possible photocatalytic degradation mechanism was proposed.Graphical abstract.
在 TiO 中添加 Fe 是抑制光生电子和空穴复合，从而提高 TiO 光催化活性的有效方法之一。本文采用聚偏氟乙烯-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮- TiO -FeCl（PPTFe）膜过滤-光催化体系评估其对水中痕量磺胺嘧啶（SD）的去除效果。建立了两因素四水平实验，对 16 种自制改性膜进行了优化。然后通过 7 项测试（SEM、EDS、膜纯水通量、接触角、孔隙率、平均孔径、ATR-FTIR）对最佳膜进行了表征，得出最佳比例（含有 1.2wt%TiO 和 0.8wt%FeCl 的 PPTFe 膜）。与原始膜相比，PPTFe 膜的孔数、孔径、渗透性和亲水性均得到增强。研究了 PPTFe 膜过滤-光催化体系对 SD 的去除效率（92.63%）。根据准一级动力学模型，确定了系统去除 SD 的反应速率（0.0214 min）。还深入探究了膜类型、pH 和水质参数（Cl、SO、NO、HA）对 PPTFe 膜过滤-光催化体系的去除性能。结果表明，酸性条件（pH=3）有利于 SD 的去除，Cl、SO 和 HA 的存在会抑制 SD 的去除，而 NO 的存在则不受影响。此外，该体系在实际水体中对 SD 的去除率也表现良好。最后，提出了可能的光催化降解机制。
