Institute for Behavioral Medicine Research, Wexner Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2020;77(3):949-960. doi: 10.3233/JAD-200721.
Numerous experimental and postmortem studies have increasingly reported dystrophic axons and dendrites, and alterations of dendritic spine morphology and density in the hippocampus as prominent changes in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Furthermore, these alterations tend to correlate well with the progressive cognitive decline observed in AD. For these reasons, and because these neurite structures have a capacity to re-grow, re-establish lost connections, and are critical for learning and memory, there is compelling evidence to suggest that therapeutic interventions aimed at preventing their degradation or promoting their regrowth may hold tremendous promise in preventing the progression of AD. In this regard, collapsin response mediator proteins (CRMPs), a family of phosphoproteins playing a major role in axon guidance and dendritic growth, are especially interesting. The roles these proteins play in neurons and immune cells are reviewed here.
大量的实验和尸检研究越来越多地报告了在阿尔茨海默病（AD）的早期阶段，突出的变化是轴突和树突的营养不良，以及树突棘形态和密度的改变。此外，这些改变往往与 AD 中观察到的进行性认知能力下降密切相关。基于这些原因，并且由于这些神经突起结构具有重新生长、重新建立丢失的连接的能力，并且对学习和记忆至关重要，有强有力的证据表明，旨在防止它们降解或促进其再生的治疗干预措施可能在预防 AD 的进展方面具有巨大的潜力。在这方面， collapsin 反应介质蛋白（CRMPs），一组在轴突导向和树突生长中起主要作用的磷酸化蛋白，特别有趣。本文综述了这些蛋白在神经元和免疫细胞中的作用。
