School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Callier Center for Communication Disorders, The University of Texas at Dallas, 1966 Inwood Road, Dallas, TX, 75235, USA.
Center for Hearing and Deafness, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
J Assoc Res Otolaryngol. 2020 Dec;21(6):475-483. doi: 10.1007/s10162-020-00744-5. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
Temporal resolution is essential for processing complex auditory information such as speech. In hearing impaired persons, temporal resolution, often assessed by detection of brief gaps in continuous sound stimuli, is typically poorer than in individuals with normal hearing. At low stimulus presentation levels, hearing impaired individuals perform poorly but the deficits are greatly reduced when the sensation level of the stimuli are adjusted to match their normal hearing peers. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of selective inner hair cell loss on gap detection in chinchillas treated with carboplatin, an anticancer drug that selectively damages inner hair cells and afferents in this species. Treatment with carboplatin-induced inner hair cell loss of ~ 70 % but had little effect on audiometric thresholds in quiet and produced no evidence of outer hair cell loss. In contrast, selective inner hair cell loss had a significant effect on gap detection ability across a wide range of presentation levels. These results suggest that gap detection tasks are more sensitive to inner hair cell pathology than audiometric thresholds.
时间分辨率对于处理复杂的听觉信息(如语音)至关重要。在听力受损的人群中,时间分辨率通常比正常听力人群差,通常通过检测连续声音刺激中的短暂间隙来评估。在低刺激呈现水平下,听力受损个体表现不佳,但当刺激的感觉水平调整到与他们正常听力的同龄人相匹配时,这些缺陷会大大减少。在本研究中,我们评估了选择性内毛细胞损失对卡铂治疗的南美栗鼠的间隙检测的影响,卡铂是一种抗癌药物,可选择性地损害该物种的内毛细胞和传入纤维。卡铂治疗导致内毛细胞损失约 70%,但对安静时的听阈几乎没有影响,也没有外毛细胞损失的证据。相比之下,选择性内毛细胞损失对广泛呈现水平的间隙检测能力有显著影响。这些结果表明,间隙检测任务比听力阈值更能敏感地反映内毛细胞病理。