School of Management and Economics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
Department of Architecture and Engineering, Yan'an University, Yan'an, 716000, People's Republic of China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Dec;27(36):45897-45910. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-10307-z. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
Rapid population growth and agricultural development are generating a considerable amount of effluents, which poses threats to the quality of rural water resources as well as sanitary conditions. However, with a range of rural wastewater treatment (WT) technologies available, one major problem facing the practitioners is which to choose as the most favorable option suited to specific areas. In this study, a novel decision-making framework is proposed to evaluate and select the optimal alternative in rural areas of Xi'an within multiple consecutive time periods. Firstly, an evaluation index system is constructed and picture fuzzy numbers (PFNs) are used to represent both evaluation levels and experts' refusal due to limitation of knowledge. Secondly, fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) is applied to derive weights of criteria, which enables experts to assign fuzzy numbers to express their preferences for comparison judgments. Thirdly, evidence theory is utilized to obtain the aggregated values from multiple time periods. Finally, based on the belief intervals obtained, sequencing batch reactor (A) is determined as the optimal rural WT technology in Xi'an from 2006 to 2020, whereas the membrane bio-reactor (A) is the last option. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is further validated by comparative analysis. This research can hopefully serve as useful guidance for the assessment of rural WT technologies in various regions.
人口的快速增长和农业的发展产生了大量的污水，这对农村水资源质量和卫生条件构成了威胁。然而，由于有多种农村废水处理 (WT) 技术可用，从业者面临的一个主要问题是选择哪种技术作为最适合特定地区的有利选择。在本研究中，提出了一种新的决策框架，用于在多个连续时间段内评估和选择西安农村地区的最佳选择。首先，构建了一个评价指标体系，并使用图像模糊数 (PFN) 来表示评价水平和专家由于知识限制而拒绝的情况。其次，应用模糊层次分析法 (FAHP) 来确定标准的权重，使专家能够分配模糊数来表达他们对比较判断的偏好。第三，利用证据理论从多个时间段中获取综合值。最后，基于置信区间，确定 2006 年至 2020 年西安的最佳农村 WT 技术为序批式反应器 (A)，而膜生物反应器 (A) 是最后的选择。通过比较分析进一步验证了所提出框架的有效性。希望本研究能为评估不同地区的农村 WT 技术提供有益的指导。
