Service of Neurology, University Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.
Biomedical Data Sciences Department, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, USA.
Headache. 2020 Sep;60(8):1705-1711. doi: 10.1111/head.13919. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
The trigemino-vascular system (TVS) plays a key role in migraine pathophysiology. Glial cells are abundant in the TVS system and mainly in the trigeminal ganglion. S100B protein is a calcium-binding protein, found in the cytoplasm of glial cells in the central nervous system, which is released in response to inflammatory stimuli. Previous works analyzing S100B in migraineurs have offered contradictory results.
In this case-control study, we analyzed serum levels of S100B as a possible biomarker of the glial TVS activation in chronic migraine (CM).
The study group consisted of patients attending our clinic with CM and, as control groups, patients with episodic migraine (EM), cluster headache (CH) outside of a bout and healthy volunteers (HV) with no headache history. S100B levels were determined interictally in peripheral blood samples by ELISA.
We assessed serum samples from 43 patients with CM, 19 with EM, 29 HV (mostly women), and 22 with (CH). S100B levels in CM (mean 22.9 ± 9.8 pg/mL) were not different (P = .727) when compared to EM patients (21.2 ± 9.3 pg/mL), difference of 1.7 (95% CI -5.7 to 8.9), CH patients (22.4 ± 7.8 pg/mL), difference of 0.5 (-5.7 to 6.7), and HV (20.6 ± 8.3 pg/mL), difference of 2.3 (-3.7 to 8.3).
In contrast to other neuropeptides such as calcitonin gene-related-peptide and vasoactive intestinal peptide, which are increased in CM, interictal serum S100B levels are not elevated in these patients. According to our results, S100B levels do not seem to be a useful peripheral biomarker of the glial TVS activation in CM.
三叉血管系统（TVS）在偏头痛病理生理学中起着关键作用。神经胶质细胞在 TVS 系统中含量丰富，主要存在于三叉神经节中。S100B 蛋白是一种钙结合蛋白，存在于中枢神经系统神经胶质细胞的细胞质中，在炎症刺激下释放。先前分析偏头痛患者 S100B 的研究结果相互矛盾。
在这项病例对照研究中，我们分析了 S100B 血清水平，作为慢性偏头痛（CM）中神经胶质 TVS 激活的潜在生物标志物。
研究组由在我们诊所就诊的 CM 患者组成，对照组为发作性偏头痛（EM）患者、丛集性头痛（CH）发作间期患者和无头痛史的健康志愿者（HV）。通过 ELISA 法在患者外周血样本中测定 S100B 水平。
我们评估了 43 例 CM 患者、19 例 EM 患者、29 例 HV（主要为女性）和 22 例 CH 的血清样本。CM 患者（平均 22.9±9.8 pg/mL）的 S100B 水平与 EM 患者（21.2±9.3 pg/mL）相比没有差异（P=0.727），差异为 1.7（95%CI-5.7 至 8.9），与 CH 患者（22.4±7.8 pg/mL）相比差异为 0.5（-5.7 至 6.7），与 HV（20.6±8.3 pg/mL）相比差异为 2.3（-3.7 至 8.3）。
与降钙素基因相关肽和血管活性肠肽等其他神经肽不同，这些神经肽在 CM 中增加，而发作间期 S100B 血清水平在这些患者中并未升高。根据我们的结果，S100B 水平似乎不是 CM 中神经胶质 TVS 激活的有用外周生物标志物。
