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急性缺血性脑卒中患者 t-PA 和血栓切除术的利用和结局存在性别和种族差异。

Sex and racial disparity in utilization and outcomes of t-PA and thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke.

机构信息

Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1149 Newell Drive Room L3-100 PO BOX 100236, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.

Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, 1149 Newell Drive Room L3-100 PO BOX 100236, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.

出版信息

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis. 2020 Sep;29(9):104954. doi: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104954. Epub 2020 Jun 30.

DOI:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.104954
PMID:32807414
Abstract

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Racial/ethnic and sex disparity may occur in stroke throughout the continuum of care. Endovascular therapy (EVT) became standard of care in 2015 for eligible patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We evaluated for racial and sex differences in t-PA and EVT utilization and outcomes in 2016 in the National Inpatient Sample.

METHODS

Treatment rates for t-PA, EVT, and t-PA+EVT and outcomes including home discharge, in-hospital mortality and prolonged length of stay (pLOS) were evaluated by sex and race. Multivariate survey-logistic regression was performed to evaluate outcomes.

RESULTS

The study had 468,630 patients - 49.3% men, 50.7% women; 69.3% whites, and 30.7% non-whites. There was no difference in treatment utilization by sex, women vs men for t-PA (7.65% vs 7.76%; aOR:1.02; 95% CI:0.97-1.07), EVT (1.74% vs 1.67%; aOR:1.09; 95% CI:0.99-1.20) and t-PA+EVT (0.57% vs 0.57%; aOR:1.01; 95% CI:0.85-1.21); and by race, non-white vs white for t-PA (7.62% vs 7.74%; aOR:0.98; 95% CI:0.93-1.05), EVT (1.62% vs 1.74%; aOR:0.91; 95% CI:0.78-1.07), and t-PA+EVT(0.59% vs 0.56%; aOR:1.05; 95% CI:0.84-1.30). Compared to men, women treated with t-PA had less home discharge (37.2% vs 46.3%; aOR:0.81; 95% CI:0.72-0.90), more in-hospital mortality (5.7% vs 3.9%; aOR:1.37; 95% CI:1.06-1.77) and less pLOS (8.3% vs 9.6%; aOR:0.82; 95% CI:0.69-0.98); women treated with EVT had less home discharge (15.8% vs 23.7%; aOR:0.69; 95% CI:0.52-0.91). Compared to whites, non-whites treated with t-PA had lower odds of home discharge (42.1% vs 41.6%; aOR:0.79; 95% CI:0.69-0.90), less in-hospital mortality (3.7% vs 5.3%; aOR:0.65; 95% CI:0.49-0.87), and higher pLOS (11.4% vs 7.9%; aOR:1.3; 95% CI:1.07-1.56); non-whites treated with EVT had less home discharge (18%vs 20.2%; aOR:0.70; 95% CI:0.51-0.97) and higher pLOS (35.1% vs 24%; aOR:1.52; 95% CI:1.16-1.99).

CONCLUSION

Sex and racial disparity exists for outcomes of t-PA and EVT despite no difference in utilization rates.

摘要

背景/目的:在整个护理过程中,种族/民族和性别差异可能会出现在中风中。2015 年,对于符合条件的急性缺血性中风(AIS)患者,血管内治疗(EVT)成为标准治疗方法。我们评估了 2016 年全国住院患者样本中 t-PA 和 EVT 的利用情况和结局,以及种族和性别差异。

方法

根据性别和种族评估 t-PA、EVT 和 t-PA+EVT 的治疗率以及包括家庭出院、院内死亡率和延长住院时间(pLOS)在内的结局。采用多变量调查逻辑回归评估结局。

结果

研究共纳入 468630 名患者-49.3%为男性,50.7%为女性;69.3%为白人,30.7%为非白人。按性别,女性与男性接受 t-PA(7.65% vs 7.76%;aOR:1.02;95%CI:0.97-1.07)、EVT(1.74% vs 1.67%;aOR:1.09;95%CI:0.99-1.20)和 t-PA+EVT(0.57% vs 0.57%;aOR:1.01;95%CI:0.85-1.21)的治疗使用率没有差异;而非白人与白人接受 t-PA(7.62% vs 7.74%;aOR:0.98;95%CI:0.93-1.05)、EVT(1.62% vs 1.74%;aOR:0.91;95%CI:0.78-1.07)和 t-PA+EVT(0.59% vs 0.56%;aOR:1.05;95%CI:0.84-1.30)的治疗使用率也没有差异。与男性相比,接受 t-PA 治疗的女性家庭出院率较低(37.2% vs 46.3%;aOR:0.81;95%CI:0.72-0.90)、院内死亡率较高(5.7% vs 3.9%;aOR:1.37;95%CI:1.06-1.77)和 pLOS 较长(8.3% vs 9.6%;aOR:0.82;95%CI:0.69-0.98);接受 EVT 治疗的女性家庭出院率较低(15.8% vs 23.7%;aOR:0.69;95%CI:0.52-0.91)。与白人相比,接受 t-PA 治疗的非白人患者家庭出院的可能性较低(42.1% vs 41.6%;aOR:0.79;95%CI:0.69-0.90)、院内死亡率较低(3.7% vs 5.3%;aOR:0.65;95%CI:0.49-0.87)和 pLOS 较长(11.4% vs 7.9%;aOR:1.3;95%CI:1.07-1.56);接受 EVT 治疗的非白人患者家庭出院率较低(18% vs 20.2%;aOR:0.70;95%CI:0.51-0.97)和 pLOS 较长(35.1% vs 24%;aOR:1.52;95%CI:1.16-1.99)。

结论

尽管 t-PA 和 EVT 的利用情况没有差异,但在 t-PA 和 EVT 的结局方面仍然存在性别和种族差异。

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