Buffault J, Labbé A, Hamard P, Brignole-Baudouin F, Baudouin C
Service d'ophtalmologie, centre hospitalier national d'ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France.
Service d'ophtalmologie, centre hospitalier national d'ophtalmologie des Quinze-Vingts, IHU FOReSIGHT, 28, rue de Charenton, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'ophtalmologie, hôpital Ambroise-Paré, AP-HP, 9, avenue Charles-de-Gaulle, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France; Inserm, CNRS, institut de la vision, Sorbonne université, 17, rue Moreau, 75012 Paris, France.
J Fr Ophtalmol. 2020 Oct;43(8):779-793. doi: 10.1016/j.jfo.2020.04.022. Epub 2020 Aug 15.
Glaucoma is a blinding optic neuropathy, the main risk factor for which is increased intraocular pressure (IOP). The trabecular meshwork, located within the iridocorneal angle, is the main pathway for drainage of aqueous humor (AH) out of the eye, and its dysfunction is responsible for the IOP elevation. The trabecular meshwork is a complex, fenestrated, three-dimensional structure composed of trabecular meshwork cells (TMC) interdigitated into a multilayered organization within the extracellular matrix (ECM). The purpose of this literature review is to provide an overview of current understanding of the trabecular meshwork and its pathophysiology in glaucoma. Thus, we will present the main anatomical and cellular bases for the regulation of aqueous humor outflow resistance, the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in trabecular dysfunction in the various types of glaucoma, as well as current and future therapeutic strategies targeting the trabecular meshwork.
青光眼是一种致盲性视神经病变，其主要危险因素是眼内压（IOP）升高。位于虹膜角膜角内的小梁网是房水（AH）流出眼外的主要途径，其功能障碍是导致眼压升高的原因。小梁网是一种复杂的、有孔的三维结构，由小梁网细胞（TMC）相互交错组成，形成细胞外基质（ECM）内的多层结构。这篇文献综述的目的是概述目前对小梁网及其在青光眼中的病理生理学的理解。因此，我们将介绍调节房水流出阻力的主要解剖学和细胞基础、各种类型青光眼中小梁功能障碍所涉及的病理生理机制，以及针对小梁网的当前和未来治疗策略。
