Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10048, Taiwan.
Trends Biochem Sci. 2020 Nov;45(11):935-946. doi: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.07.002. Epub 2020 Aug 14.
His-Me finger (also called HNH or ββα-me) nucleases, are a large superfamily of nucleases that share limited sequence homology, but all members carry a highly similar catalytic motif exhibiting a ββα topology. This review represents a structural comparison of His-Me finger nucleases, summarizing their substrate-binding and recognition strategies, mechanisms of enzymatic hydrolysis, cellular functions, and the various means of activity regulation. His-Me finger nucleases usually function as monomers, making a single nick in nucleic acids to degrade foreign or host genomes, or as homodimers that introduce double-stranded DNA breaks for DNA restriction, integration, recombination, and repair. Various cellular neutralizing machineries have evolved to regulate the activity of His-Me finger nucleases, thereby maintaining genome integrity and cellular functionality.
他-我的手指（也称为 HNH 或 ββα-me）核酸酶是一个庞大的核酸酶超家族，它们具有有限的序列同源性，但所有成员都携带高度相似的催化基序，表现出 ββα 拓扑结构。这篇综述代表了 His-Me 手指核酸酶的结构比较，总结了它们的底物结合和识别策略、酶水解机制、细胞功能以及各种活性调节方式。His-Me 手指核酸酶通常作为单体发挥作用，在核酸上形成单个切口以降解外来或宿主基因组，或者作为同源二聚体形成双链 DNA 断裂以进行 DNA 限制、整合、重组和修复。各种细胞中和机制已经进化出来调节 His-Me 手指核酸酶的活性，从而维持基因组完整性和细胞功能。
