University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Nursing, Madison, WI, USA.
University of Wisconsin - Madison, School of Nursing, Madison, WI, USA.
Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2020 Aug;40:101200. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2020.101200. Epub 2020 May 22.
Pain is a multidimensional experience that requires a holistic pain management approach. Art making, a holistic, mind-body-spirit approach, has been used as a pain management strategy. Although findings of empirical studies point toward several potential mechanisms through which art making activity may affect the pain experience, these mechanisms have not yet been tested. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate whether perceived control, self-efficacy, spirituality, and mood mediate the effect of art making activity on pain.
This study is a secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data collected in 2014 for the Health and Retirement Study (HRS). Data from a national sample of 731 adults, 50 years of age or older were analyzed for the current study. Participants completed a health survey which included measures of art engagement (representing 'effect of art making' in this study), pain severity and interference, and proposed mediating variables (e.g., perceived control, self-efficacy, spirituality and mood). The joint significance test was used to test hypothesized mediation.
We found that positive mood mediated the effects of art engagement on pain, but perceived control, self-efficacy, spirituality, and negative mood did not. Engagement in art making activity was associated with more positive mood (β = 0.213, p = .001). In turn, greater positive mood was associated with lower pain severity (β = -.147, p = .010) and pain interference (β = -.519, p = .034).
Results of this study provide preliminary evidence that engagement in art making activity impacts pain experience by enhancing positive mood. A large prospective study examining the hypothesized mediating relationship is necessary to confirm our findings.
疼痛是一种多维体验，需要采用整体疼痛管理方法。艺术创作作为一种整体身心精神方法，已被用作疼痛管理策略。尽管实证研究的结果指出了艺术创作活动可能影响疼痛体验的几种潜在机制，但这些机制尚未得到验证。因此，本研究旨在评估感知控制、自我效能、灵性和情绪是否调节艺术创作活动对疼痛的影响。
本研究是对 2014 年健康与退休研究（HRS）中横断面调查数据的二次分析。对当前研究中来自全国 731 名 50 岁及以上成年人的样本数据进行了分析。参与者完成了一项健康调查，其中包括艺术参与（代表本研究中的“艺术创作效果”）、疼痛严重程度和干扰以及拟议的中介变量（例如感知控制、自我效能、灵性和情绪）的测量。联合显著性检验用于检验假设的中介作用。
我们发现积极情绪中介了艺术参与对疼痛的影响，但感知控制、自我效能、灵性和消极情绪没有。参与艺术创作活动与更积极的情绪相关（β=0.213，p=0.001）。反过来，更积极的情绪与较低的疼痛严重程度（β=-0.147，p=0.010）和疼痛干扰（β=-0.519，p=0.034）相关。
本研究结果提供了初步证据，表明艺术创作活动通过增强积极情绪来影响疼痛体验。需要进行一项大型前瞻性研究来检验假设的中介关系，以确认我们的发现。
