Lacour J R, Flandrois R
Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir. 1977 May-Jun;13(3):343-53.
The ventilatory changes as function of time or power depend on the type of exercise. However, in any case, two kinds of factors are involved in these changes : fast, neurogenic, factors and other factors, slower, which are thought to be humoral. Neurogenic stimuli arise from the periphery and from the central nervous system. Peripheral stimuli are induced by the repetitive changes of muscle length and by the motion of articulations. Ventilatory output is also increased by stimuli coming from motor centers. These two kinds of factors induce a ventilatory increase at the start of exercise ("accrochage ventilatoire"). Both chemical and physical stimuli act as humoral factors. The arterial PO2 is scarcely reduced even during maximal exercise, but the increased blood level of norepinephrine may account for the enhanced sensitivity of the centers to the oxygen drive. The sensitivity of the respiratory centers to PaCO2 is not increased. The pH is lowered and can reach 7.15 during very intense exercise. tthis acidity may account for the increased ventillatoy output under these circumstances. The increased body temperature may partly explain the progressive increase of ventilatory output during long lasting exercise, but it does not change the alveolar ventilation. It thus appears that the exercise ventilatory behaviour meets the metabolic, acid-base balance and thermolytic requirements.
通气变化作为时间或功率的函数取决于运动类型。然而，在任何情况下，这些变化都涉及两种因素：快速的神经源性因素和其他较慢的因素，后者被认为是体液性的。神经源性刺激来自外周和中枢神经系统。外周刺激由肌肉长度的重复变化和关节运动引起。来自运动中枢的刺激也会增加通气输出。这两种因素在运动开始时会引起通气增加（“通气挂钩”）。化学和物理刺激都作为体液因素起作用。即使在最大运动时，动脉血氧分压也几乎没有降低，但去甲肾上腺素血水平升高可能解释了中枢对氧驱动的敏感性增强。呼吸中枢对二氧化碳分压的敏感性没有增加。pH值降低，在非常剧烈的运动中可降至7.15。这种酸度可能解释了在这些情况下通气输出的增加。体温升高可能部分解释了长时间运动期间通气输出的逐渐增加，但它不会改变肺泡通气。因此，运动通气行为似乎满足了代谢、酸碱平衡和散热的需求。
