Macrocytosis refers to the finding of enlarged red blood cells. The measurement of RBC size is reported in the complete blood count as mean corpuscular volume (MCV). An elevated mean corpuscular hemoglobin accompanies the most elevated MCV reports. The elevation of MCV and/or mean corpuscular hemoglobin suggests macrocytosis. In some cases, discovering macrocytosis may not necessitate further testing or treatment. However, practitioners should understand the importance of macrocytosis in the potential development of clinically significant anemia (macrocytic anemia), and they should understand the range of pathology that macrocytosis may signify, often implicating extra-hematologic organ systems. Close attention to historical, physical exam, and laboratory findings helps determine the underlying etiology, which, in turn, dictates management strategies for patients with macrocytosis.
大红细胞症是指发现红细胞增大。红细胞大小的测量值在全血细胞计数中报告为平均红细胞体积（MCV）。大多数MCV升高的报告中平均红细胞血红蛋白也会升高。MCV和/或平均红细胞血红蛋白升高提示大红细胞症。在某些情况下，发现大红细胞症可能无需进一步检查或治疗。然而，从业者应了解大红细胞症在临床上显著贫血（巨幼细胞贫血）潜在发展中的重要性，并且应了解大红细胞症可能预示的一系列病理情况，这通常涉及血液外器官系统。密切关注病史、体格检查和实验室检查结果有助于确定潜在病因，进而决定大红细胞症患者的管理策略。
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