Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Julius Kühn Institute, 76833, Siebeldingen, Germany.
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding, Carl-von-Linné-Weg 10, 50829, Cologne, Germany.
Theor Appl Genet. 2020 Dec;133(12):3249-3272. doi: 10.1007/s00122-020-03667-0. Epub 2020 Aug 18.
Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is an economically important crop that needs to comply with high quality standards for fruit, juice and wine production. Intense plant protection is required to avoid fungal damage. Grapevine cultivars with loose cluster architecture enable reducing protective treatments due to their enhanced resilience against fungal infections, such as Botrytis cinerea-induced gray mold. A recent study identified transcription factor gene VvGRF4 as determinant of pedicel length, an important component of cluster architecture, in samples of two loose and two compact quasi-isogenic 'Pinot Noir' clones. Here, we extended the analysis to 12 differently clustered 'Pinot Noir' clones from five diverse clonal selection programs. Differential gene expression of these clones was studied in three different locations over three seasons. Two phenotypically opposite clones were grown at all three locations and served for standardization. Data were correlated with the phenotypic variation of cluster architecture sub-traits. A set of 14 genes with consistent expression differences between loosely and compactly clustered clones-independent from season and location-was newly identified. These genes have annotations related to cellular growth, cell division and auxin metabolism and include two more transcription factor genes, PRE6 and SEP1-like. The differential expression of VvGRF4 in relation to loose clusters was exclusively found in 'Pinot Noir' clones. Gene expression studies were further broadened to phenotypically contrasting F1 individuals of an interspecific cross and OIV reference varieties of loose cluster architecture. This investigation confirmed PRE6 and six growth-related genes to show differential expression related to cluster architecture over genetically divergent backgrounds.
葡萄（Vitis vinifera L.）是一种经济上重要的作物，其果实、果汁和葡萄酒的生产都需要符合高质量标准。为了避免真菌的损害，需要进行强烈的植物保护。具有松散果穗结构的葡萄品种由于对真菌感染（如葡萄孢菌引起的灰霉病）具有更高的抵抗力，因此可以减少保护处理。最近的一项研究确定转录因子基因 VvGRF4 是节间长度的决定因素，节间长度是果穗结构的一个重要组成部分，在两个松散和两个紧密的准同源 'Pinot Noir' 克隆的样本中得到了鉴定。在这里，我们将分析扩展到来自五个不同克隆选择计划的 12 个不同聚类的 'Pinot Noir' 克隆。在三个不同的季节对这些克隆进行了差异基因表达研究。两个表型相反的克隆在所有三个地点生长，并用于标准化。数据与聚类结构亚性状的表型变异相关联。一组 14 个基因在松散和紧密聚类克隆之间表现出一致的表达差异-与季节和地点无关-被新鉴定出来。这些基因的注释与细胞生长、细胞分裂和生长素代谢有关，包括两个转录因子基因 PRE6 和 SEP1-like。仅在 'Pinot Noir' 克隆中发现 VvGRF4 与松散集群的差异表达。基因表达研究进一步扩展到种间杂交的表型对比 F1 个体和松散集群结构的 OIV 参考品种。这项研究证实了 PRE6 和六个与生长相关的基因在遗传上不同的背景下与聚类结构相关的差异表达。
