Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 3-5-8, Saiwaicho, Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Jan;28(1):326-335. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-10431-w. Epub 2020 Aug 18.
Although the debromination of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in fish species has been studied, environmental factors, such as chemical contamination and habitat temperature, have not been well understood. This study compared debromination of BDE209 by hepatic microsomes of wild and cultured fish. PBDE concentrations in muscle tissue were lower in cultured fish than in wild fish. Debromination activity was high in wild common carp, followed by cultured common carp, moderate in cultured ayu sweetfish, and low in two cultured fish (rainbow trout and cherry salmon) and wild Japanese sea bass. Although common carps have been known as the species which have higher debromination ability, there were differences between wild and cultured common carps. First, wild common carp debrominated much more BDE209 than cultured common carp. Second was debromination of BDE209 lasted 96 h in wild carp but only 24 h in cultured carp. Wild carp were collected from warm wastewater effluent with consistently high concentrations of micropollutants. Cultured carp were collected from colder clean waters. Therefore, environmental factors in debromination include contamination or ambient temperature. To investigate the effects of habitat environment on debromination of PBDEs, we collected wild carp in summer and winter at two different locations with similar PBDE contamination levels. Carp collected from the natural river in winter had the highest BDE99 debromination activity. Although the results indicated seasonal difference of debromination of BDE209, we could not confirm whether habitat temperature or physiological cycle of carp affected to debromination ability. Thus, further investigation such as in vivo experiment is required.
虽然已经研究了鱼类中多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）的脱溴作用，但环境因素，如化学污染和栖息地温度，还没有得到很好的理解。本研究比较了野生和养殖鱼类肝微粒体对 BDE209 的脱溴作用。肌肉组织中的 PBDE 浓度在养殖鱼类中低于野生鱼类。野生鲤鱼的脱溴活性较高，其次是养殖鲤鱼，养殖真鲷适中，两种养殖鱼类（虹鳟和三文鱼）和野生日本鲈鱼较低。虽然鲤鱼被认为是具有更高脱溴能力的物种，但野生和养殖鲤鱼之间存在差异。首先，野生鲤鱼脱溴 BDE209 的能力远高于养殖鲤鱼。其次，野生鲤鱼的 BDE209 脱溴作用可持续 96 小时，而养殖鲤鱼仅可持续 24 小时。野生鲤鱼是从废水排放口收集的，那里的污染物浓度一直很高。养殖鲤鱼是从较冷的清洁水域收集的。因此，脱溴的环境因素包括污染或环境温度。为了研究栖息环境对 PBDE 脱溴的影响，我们在两个具有相似 PBDE 污染水平的不同地点收集了夏季和冬季的野生鲤鱼。冬季从天然河流收集的鲤鱼具有最高的 BDE99 脱溴活性。尽管结果表明 BDE209 的脱溴存在季节性差异，但我们无法确认栖息地温度或鲤鱼的生理周期是否影响脱溴能力。因此，需要进一步的研究，如体内实验。
