8789University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
Current address: Drug Discovery Program, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, 7548Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Vet Pathol. 2020 Nov;57(6):838-844. doi: 10.1177/0300985820948825. Epub 2020 Aug 19.
Since 2002, reports of deer with swollen muzzles from throughout the United States have resulted in significant interest by wildlife biologists and wildlife enthusiasts. The condition was identified in 25 white-tailed deer () and 2 mule deer (). Microscopic lesions consisted of severe, granulomatous or pyogranulomatous inflammation of the muzzle, nasal planum, and upper lip, as well as similar but less severe inflammation of the hard palate. Lymphadenitis of regional lymph nodes was common and granulomatous pneumonia was present in one individual. Splendore-Hoeppli material was typical in the center of inflammatory foci. Other than the single instance of pneumonia, systemic disease was not evident. Various bacterial species were isolated in culture, most of which were not morphologically consistent with the colonies of small, gram-negative bacteria observed in the center of the granulomas. Amplification and sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene from tissues of affected deer resulted in the identification of . Laser capture microdissection was used to confirm that the colonies in the inflammatory foci were . The cases described here are reminiscent of a bovine disease in Brazil and Argentina, locally called lechiguana. Although the inflammation of lechiguana is mostly truncal, the microscopic lesions are very similar and are also attributed to . It is unclear if this is an emerging infectious disease of deer, or if it is a sporadic, uncommon condition that has only recently been recognized.
自 2002 年以来，美国各地有报道称鹿的口鼻部肿胀，这引起了野生动物生物学家和野生动物爱好者的极大兴趣。这种情况在 25 头白尾鹿（）和 2 头骡鹿（）中得到了确认。显微镜下病变包括口鼻部、鼻平面和上唇严重的、化脓性或化脓性肉芽肿性炎症，以及硬腭类似但程度较轻的炎症。区域性淋巴结的淋巴结炎很常见，有一个个体有化脓性肺炎。在炎症灶的中心有典型的 Splendore-Hoeppli 物质。除了一例肺炎外，没有明显的全身疾病。在培养中分离出多种细菌，其中大多数与肉芽肿中心观察到的小革兰氏阴性菌的菌落形态不一致。受影响鹿组织中细菌 16S rRNA 基因的扩增和测序导致鉴定出。激光捕获显微切割用于确认炎症灶中的菌落为。这里描述的病例让人想起巴西和阿根廷的一种牛病，当地称为lechiguana。尽管 lechiguana 的炎症主要发生在躯干，但显微镜下的病变非常相似，也归因于。目前尚不清楚这是鹿的一种新发传染病，还是一种偶发的、不常见的疾病，只是最近才被发现。
