Feyissa Tesfaye Regassa, Harris Melissa L, Forder Peta M, Loxton Deborah
College of Health Science, Wollega University, Nekemte, Oromia, Ethiopia
Research Centre for Generational Health and Ageing, School of Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia.
BMJ Open. 2020 Aug 20;10(8):e036391. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036391.
This study aimed to examine fertility (live births) in the last 3 years and its associated factors among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in western Ethiopia .
Participants were recruited into a cross-sectional survey using systematic sampling.
Four healthcare facilities in western Ethiopia were included.
Eligible participants were WLHIV of reproductive age (15-49 years) from western Ethiopia who found out about their HIV-positive status more than 3 years ago (N=866).
The fertility (live births) of HIV-positive women in the last 3 years was surveyed using face-to-face interviews (March-June 2018). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine factors influencing fertility in the last 3 years.
A total of 108 (12.5%) HIV-positive women gave birth to 121 live children in the last 3 years. Of these births, 18.2% were reported as mistimed at conception, while 26.4% were reported as unwanted. Of the live births, 8.3% ended in death. Of the 76 (62.8%) children with known HIV status born to HIV-positive women in the last 3 years, 7.9% were HIV-positive. In terms of predictors of fertility, women aged 15-24 years (adjusted OR (AOR) 2.72; 95% CI 1.14 to 6.49) and 25-34 years (AOR 4.34; 95% CI 2.61 to 7.21) had increased odds of fertility compared with women aged 35-49 years. Women using antiretroviral therapy (ART) for less than 5 years were more likely to have given birth in the last 3 years compared with those using ART for 10 years or more (AOR 2.96; 95% CI 1.19 to 7.36), even after controlling for age.
WLHIV in Ethiopia are having children and so it is imperative that safe conception strategies are readily available as well as support to reduce HIV-related risks for children born to these mothers. Strengthening reproductive health services for HIV-positive women in order to achieve their family planning goals is therefore important.
本研究旨在调查埃塞俄比亚西部感染艾滋病毒的女性（WLHIV）过去3年的生育情况（活产）及其相关因素。
采用系统抽样方法将参与者纳入横断面调查。
纳入了埃塞俄比亚西部的四家医疗机构。
符合条件的参与者是来自埃塞俄比亚西部的育龄（15 - 49岁）感染艾滋病毒的女性，她们在3年多以前就已得知自己的艾滋病毒呈阳性状态（N = 866）。
通过面对面访谈（2018年3月至6月）对艾滋病毒呈阳性的女性在过去3年的生育情况（活产）进行调查。进行逻辑回归分析以研究影响过去3年生育情况的因素。
在过去3年中，共有108名（12.5%）艾滋病毒呈阳性的女性生育了121名活产婴儿。在这些出生案例中，18.2%的受孕时间被报告为不合时宜，而26.4%的婴儿是意外受孕。在活产婴儿中，8.3%夭折。在过去3年中，艾滋病毒呈阳性的女性所生的已知艾滋病毒感染状况的76名（62.8%）儿童中，7.9%呈艾滋病毒阳性。就生育的预测因素而言，与35 - 49岁的女性相比，15 - 24岁（调整后的比值比（AOR）2.72；95%置信区间1.14至6.49）和25 - 34岁（AOR 4.34；95%置信区间2.61至7.21）的女性生育几率增加。与使用抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）达10年或更长时间的女性相比，使用ART少于5年的女性在过去3年中生育的可能性更大（AOR 2.96；95%置信区间1.19至7.36），即使在控制年龄因素之后也是如此。
埃塞俄比亚的感染艾滋病毒的女性正在生育，因此必须随时提供安全的受孕策略，并提供支持以降低这些母亲所生孩子感染艾滋病毒的风险。因此，加强针对艾滋病毒呈阳性女性的生殖健康服务以实现她们的计划生育目标非常重要。
