Department of Track and Field, University School of Physical Education, Ul. Paderewskiego 35, 51-612 Wrocław, Poland.
Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Gortanova ul. 22, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Aug 13;17(16):5886. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165886.
The aim of this study was to assess the effect of drop height and selected somatic parameters on the landing kinetics of rebound jumps in force and power production, performed by male and female student athletes. Twenty female and forty male students with a sports background participated in the experiment (mean and standard deviation (± SD): age 20.28 ± 1.31 years, height 166.78 ± 5.29 cm, mass 62.23 ± 7.21 kg and 21.18 ± 1.29, 182.18 ± 6.43, 78.65 ± 7.09). Each participant performed three maximal jumps on two independent and synchronized force platforms (Bilateral Tensiometric Platform S2P) at each of the two assigned drop-jump heights (20-, and 40-, cm for female and 30-, and 60-, cm for the male special platform). Significant between-sex differences were observed in all variables of selected somatics, with men outperforming women. Statistically significant differences were noted in four parameters, between men and women, in both DJs from 20/40 and 30/60 cm. The height of the jump was 6 cm and 4 cm higher for men. A slightly higher statistical significance (p = 0.011) was demonstrated by the relative strength (% BW) generated by the left limb in both men and women. Only women showed a significant relationship between body mass, body height, and five parameters, dropping off of a 20 cm box. In men, only the left leg-relative maximal F (p =-0.45)-showed a relationship with body mass. There were no relationships between the above-mentioned dependencies in both groups, in jumps from a higher height: 40 cm and 60 cm. From a practical application, the DJ with lower 20/30 cm or higher 40/60 cm (women/men) respectively emphasizes either the force or power output via an increase in the velocity component of the rebound action or increased height of the DJ jump.
本研究旨在评估下落高度和选定体适能参数对男、女学生运动员进行的弹跃式爆发力量和功率产生的落地动力学的影响。20 名女性和 40 名有运动背景的男性学生参与了实验(平均值和标准差(±SD):年龄 20.28±1.31 岁,身高 166.78±5.29cm,体重 62.23±7.21kg 和 21.18±1.29kg,182.18±6.43kg,78.65±7.09kg)。每位参与者在两个分配的下落跳高度(女性 20- 和 40-cm,男性 30- 和 60-cm 的特殊平台)的每个高度上,在两个独立和同步的力量平台(双侧张力平台 S2P)上进行三次最大跳跃。在所有选定的体适能变量中,都观察到了男女之间的显著性别差异,男性的表现优于女性。在 20/40 和 30/60cm 的两个 DJ 中,男性和女性在四个参数上存在统计学显著差异。男性的跳跃高度比女性高 6cm 和 4cm。男性和女性的左肢产生的相对力量(%BW)的统计显著性(p=0.011)略高。只有女性在从 20cm 箱子跳下时,表现出与体重、身高和五个参数之间的显著关系。只有男性的左腿相对最大 F(p=-0.45)与体重呈正相关。在两组中,从更高的高度(40cm 和 60cm)进行的跳跃中,上述依赖关系之间没有关系。从实际应用的角度来看,分别为 20/30cm 较低或 40/60cm(女性/男性)的弹跃式,通过增加反弹动作的速度分量或增加弹跃式跳跃的高度,强调力量或功率输出。
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