Gresta Fabio, Meineri Giorgia, Oteri Marianna, Santonoceto Carmelo, Lo Presti Vittorio, Costale Annalisa, Chiofalo Biagina
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Turin, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2020 Aug 14;10(8):1428. doi: 10.3390/ani10081428.
Agronomic traits, oil content, fatty acid composition, antioxidant activity, and total phenolic content were studied on eight accessions cultivated in Southern Italy. A one-way ANOVA model was performed to compare accessions and the Principal Components Analysis was applied to identify patterns in our dataset and highlight similarities and differences. showed valuable seed yield (0.27 kg/m, on average) comparable to the main tradition cereals used for animal feeding. Seed-oil composition showed significant differences among the accessions. Data showed a higher lipid content than most cereal grains (from 5.6 to 7.3%). Approximately 60% of fatty acids were unsaturated; linoleic fatty acid ranged from 19 to 34%, oleic acid from 29 to 36%, and alfa-linolenic fatty acid from 0.3 to 0.5%, respectively. The saturated/unsaturated fatty acid ratio ranged from 0.5 to 0.8, the hypocholesterolemic:hypercholesterolaemic ratio from 1.7 to 2.7, the Atherogenic Index from 0.38 to 0.66, the Thrombogenic Index from 0.85 to 1.48, the total phenolic content from 0.14 to 0.36 mg/g seeds, and the antioxidant activity (DPPH) from 0.30 to 0.50. The studied seed-oil composition evidenced as a healthy ingredient for animal feed and consequently, as a possible substitute for traditional cereals. Accessions from Mexico and Arizona emerged for their high qualitative traits.
对在意大利南部种植的8个品种进行了农艺性状、含油量、脂肪酸组成、抗氧化活性和总酚含量的研究。采用单因素方差分析模型比较各品种，并应用主成分分析来识别数据集中的模式，突出相似性和差异。结果表明，其种子产量（平均0.27千克/平方米）很可观，与用于动物饲料的主要传统谷物相当。各品种间种子油组成存在显著差异。数据显示，其脂质含量高于大多数谷物（5.6%至7.3%）。约60%的脂肪酸为不饱和脂肪酸；亚油酸含量在19%至34%之间，油酸含量在29%至36%之间，α-亚麻酸含量在0.3%至0.5%之间。饱和/不饱和脂肪酸比值在0.5至0.8之间，降胆固醇/升胆固醇比值在1.7至2.7之间，动脉粥样硬化指数在0.38至0.66之间，血栓形成指数在0.85至1.48之间，总酚含量在0.14至0.36毫克/克种子之间，抗氧化活性（DPPH）在0.30至0.50之间。所研究的种子油组成证明是动物饲料的一种健康成分，因此可能替代传统谷物。来自墨西哥和亚利桑那州的品种因其高品质性状而脱颖而出。
