Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada; Centre for Comparative Genomics and Evolutionary Bioinformatics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
Ecologie Systématique Evolution, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
Trends Parasitol. 2020 Nov;36(11):927-941. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.07.014. Epub 2020 Aug 19.
Lateral gene transfer (LGT) is well known as an important driver of genome evolution in bacteria and archaea, but its importance in eukaryote evolution has yet to be fully elucidated. There is now abundant evidence indicating that LGT has played a role in the adaptation of eukaryotes to new environments and conditions, including host-parasite interactions. However, the mechanisms and frequency of LGT across the tree of eukaryotes remain poorly understood. Here we review evidence for known and potential mechanisms of LGT into diverse eukaryote lineages with a particular focus on protists, and we discuss trends emerging from recently reported examples. We also explore the potential role of LGT in generating 'pan-genomes' in diverse eukaryotic species.
水平基因转移（LGT）是细菌和古菌基因组进化的重要驱动因素，已广为人知，但它在真核生物进化中的重要性尚未得到充分阐明。现在有大量证据表明，LGT 在真核生物适应新环境和条件方面发挥了作用，包括宿主-寄生虫相互作用。然而，LGT 在整个真核生物树中的机制和频率仍知之甚少。在这里，我们回顾了已知和潜在的 LGT 进入不同真核生物谱系的机制的证据，特别关注原生生物，并讨论了最近报道的例子中出现的趋势。我们还探讨了 LGT 在不同真核生物物种中产生“泛基因组”的潜力。
