School of Management Science and Real Estate, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
School of Management Science and Real Estate, Institute of Urban-Rural Construction and Development, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
J Environ Manage. 2020 Dec 1;275:111177. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111177. Epub 2020 Aug 20.
Rapid urbanization exacerbates urban metabolic activities associated with irreversible environmental degradation. Evaluating urban metabolic performance is an effective method to meet targets for sustainable development in contemporary urban areas. Neighborhoods, which are regarded as the basic parts of cities, can detail the metabolic structure and interactions from a bottom-up perspective. In consequence, this study proposed an eco-efficiency model which combined emergy synthesis and slack-based measure data envelopment analysis. A case study with questionnaire and statistical data for eight communities in Chongqing, China was used to shed a light on the properties of emergy metabolic flows and eco-efficiency. The results showed that the study communities heavily depended on external resources. Intense communal activities within relatively small geographic areas caused immediate surroundings to suffer from enhanced environmental pressures. Eco-efficiency performances were mostly invalid, and a significant heterogeneity existed among communities. Enhancing the performance of renewable and non-renewable resources whilst also reducing the production of wastes was essential to improve the overall eco-efficiency of local communities. To assist with this, a neighbor-level sustainable renewal framework was proposed which took account of metabolic flows and communal renewal operations. The findings of this study can provide a paradigmatic example for urban renewal projects elsewhere that embed metabolic performance in neighborhood redevelopment.
快速的城市化加剧了与不可逆转的环境退化相关的城市代谢活动。评估城市代谢绩效是实现当代城市可持续发展目标的有效方法。社区作为城市的基本组成部分，可以从自下而上的角度详细说明代谢结构和相互作用。因此，本研究提出了一种将能值合成与基于松弛的测度数据包络分析相结合的生态效率模型。该模型使用了重庆市 8 个社区的问卷调查和统计数据进行案例研究，以揭示能值代谢流和生态效率的特性。结果表明，研究社区严重依赖外部资源。在相对较小的地理区域内进行的激烈社区活动导致周围环境承受了更大的环境压力。生态效率表现大多无效，社区之间存在显著的异质性。提高可再生和不可再生资源的性能，同时减少废物的产生，对于提高当地社区的整体生态效率至关重要。为此，提出了一个邻里层面的可持续更新框架，该框架考虑了代谢流和社区更新操作。本研究的结果可以为其他地方的城市更新项目提供一个范例，将代谢绩效嵌入邻里复兴中。
