Cheng Hefa, Hu Yuanan
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94025, USA.
J Environ Monit. 2010 Jan;12(1):119-26. doi: 10.1039/b911473d. Epub 2009 Sep 1.
With the rapid urbanization in China, the country faces significant challenges in sustainable urban development and actively explores novel ways to expand urban areas while conserving natural resources. Radical changes in city planning are being made to switch to sustainable development, with new cities being designed to be ecologically friendly guided by principles like carbon neutrality and self-sufficiency. This paper introduces the development of the Dongtan eco-city project on Chongming Island, Shanghai and describes how it addresses issues including energy, water, waste, transportation, ecosystem, and social and economic development in its design. The lessons and challenges of eco-city development based on the Dongtan experience are also discussed. If the vision of a zero-carbon emissions sustainable city is successfully realized, Dongtan will serve as a model for developing similar cities across China and the rest of the developing world. Currently, the development of this project is behind schedule and whether the eco-city plan will materialize or not is in question. Even though the project remains mostly on the drawing boards, the planning and preliminary development of Dongtan eco-city have generated significant enthusiasm for green buildings and influenced plans for other sustainable urban development projects in China.
随着中国城市化进程的快速推进，该国在可持续城市发展方面面临重大挑战，并积极探索在保护自然资源的同时拓展城市区域的新途径。城市规划正在发生根本性变革，以转向可持续发展，新城市的设计以碳中和和自给自足等原则为指导，力求生态友好。本文介绍了上海崇明岛东滩生态城项目的发展情况，并描述了其在设计中如何解决能源、水、废物、交通、生态系统以及社会和经济发展等问题。还讨论了基于东滩经验的生态城发展的经验教训和挑战。如果零碳排放可持续城市的愿景得以成功实现，东滩将成为中国乃至其他发展中世界类似城市发展的典范。目前，该项目的开发进度滞后，生态城计划能否实现尚存疑问。尽管该项目大多仍停留在图纸上，但东滩生态城的规划和初步开发已激发了人们对绿色建筑的极大热情，并影响了中国其他可持续城市发展项目的规划。
