O'Brien William, Yazdani Aliabadi Fereshteh
Architectural Conservation and Sustainability Engineering, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Canal Building, 432 Mackenzie, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa K1S 5B6, Canada.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carleton University, Canal Building, 5208, 3432 Mackenzie, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa K1S 5B6, Canada.
Energy Build. 2020 Oct 15;225:110298. doi: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110298. Epub 2020 Jul 20.
Teleworking has been widely perceived as a more sustainable mode of working for knowledge workers compared to the status quo of commuting to centralized offices because of its reduced dependency on transportation and centralized office space. However, the situation is far more complex than would appear on the surface, when the scope is expanded to include home office energy use, the Internet, long-term consumer choices, and other so-called rebound effects. Few studies have quantified home, office, transportation, and communications energy or GHG emissions implications of telecommuting simultaneously. To make progress in answering the question of whether telecommuting results in less energy use and greenhouse gas emissions than conventional centralized office working, this paper reviews results and research methods of primarily quantitative studies of any and all four domains that consider operating energy and/or greenhouse gas emissions. The results ultimately show that this problem is complex, and that current datasets and methods are generally inadequate for fully answering the research question. While most studies indicate some benefit, several suggest teleworking increases energy use - even for the domain that is thought to benefit most: transportation.
与通勤到集中办公地点的现状相比，远程办公被广泛认为是知识工作者更具可持续性的工作模式，因为它对交通和集中办公空间的依赖程度较低。然而，当范围扩大到包括家庭办公能源使用、互联网、长期消费者选择以及其他所谓的反弹效应时，情况远比表面上看起来复杂得多。很少有研究同时对远程办公的家庭、办公、交通和通信能源或温室气体排放影响进行量化。为了在回答远程办公是否比传统集中办公使用更少能源和产生更少温室气体排放这一问题上取得进展，本文回顾了主要针对考虑运营能源和/或温室气体排放的所有四个领域进行的定量研究的结果和研究方法。结果最终表明，这个问题很复杂，而且目前的数据集和方法通常不足以完全回答这个研究问题。虽然大多数研究表明有一些好处，但也有一些研究表明远程办公会增加能源使用——即使是在被认为受益最大的领域：交通。
