Rönnbäck L, Hansson E
Institute of Neurobiology, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Neurochem Res. 1988 Feb;13(2):87-103. doi: 10.1007/BF00973320.
Morphine gives rise to a cascade of events in the nervous system affecting, among others, neurotransmitter metabolism. Tolerance develops for various effects shortly after administration of the drug. Also, physical dependence develops and can be demonstrated by precipitation of withdrawal reactions. Biochemical events in nervous tissue have been extensively studied during morphine treatment. This overview will focus upon brain protein metabolism since macromolecular events might be of importance for development of long-term effects, such as tolerance and physical dependence. Both dose- and time-dependent changes in brain protein synthesis and the syntheses of specific proteins have been demonstrated after morphine treatment, although methodological considerations are important. Different experimental models (animal and tissue culture models) are presented. It might be interesting to note that astroglial protein synthesis and the secretion of proteins to the extracellular medium are both changed after morphine treatment, these having been evaluated in astroglial enriched primary cultures and in brain tissue slices. The possibility is suggested that proteins released from astroglial cells participate in the communication with other cells, including via synaptic regions, and that such communication might of significance in modifying the synaptic membranes during morphine intoxication.
吗啡会在神经系统引发一系列事件，其中包括影响神经递质代谢。用药后不久，对各种效应就会产生耐受性。此外，身体依赖性也会产生，并且可以通过戒断反应的诱发来证明。在吗啡治疗期间，对神经组织中的生化事件进行了广泛研究。本综述将聚焦于脑蛋白代谢，因为大分子事件可能对耐受性和身体依赖性等长期效应的发展具有重要意义。尽管方法学上的考虑很重要，但吗啡治疗后已证实脑蛋白合成以及特定蛋白的合成存在剂量和时间依赖性变化。文中介绍了不同的实验模型（动物和组织培养模型）。值得注意的是，吗啡治疗后星形胶质细胞蛋白合成以及蛋白向细胞外介质的分泌均发生了变化，这些变化已在富含星形胶质细胞的原代培养物和脑组织切片中得到评估。有人提出，星形胶质细胞释放的蛋白可能参与与其他细胞的通讯，包括通过突触区域，并且这种通讯在吗啡中毒期间修饰突触膜方面可能具有重要意义。
