Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia.
Chemosphere. 2021 Jan;263:127998. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127998. Epub 2020 Aug 18.
Macroalgae have often been studied as bioindicators for heavy metal pollution on sea coasts including the Arabian Gulf. On the Arabian Gulf coasts, heavy metals are continuously being released by industrial activities and therefore, pollution monitoring is needed. Biomonitoring studies using macroalgae has given highly different assessments due to the variability in algal species and sampling time points. We carried out a systematic monthly sampling of brown algae (Phaeophyta) from three locations on the western coast of the Arabian Gulf between September and February 2018. One urban area (Uqair) and two oil refining areas (Ras Tanura and Jubail) were monitored due to they have a common brown macroalgae species composition. The incidence of Cystoseira myrica, C. trinodis C. osmundacea, Hormophysa cuneiformis, Sargassum aquifolium, S. latifolium, S. filipendula and Padina boryana varied among the sites and with the time of year within the sites. The concentrations of Co, Cd and Pb varied among the sampling sites, the algal species and the sampling time points remarkably. A tentative time-trend increasing towards February was observed for some species. However, it appeared that neither optimum sampling time point, nor superior brown algae species could be recommended. The highest heavy metal accumulation was observed in Padina boryana. However, this species grew only on the two oil polluted sites. We concluded that some brown algae species can be used for biomonitoring heavy metal pollution on the western coast of the Arabian Gulf. The species incidence should be monitored systematically and the species used should be chosen locally and sampled at the same time of the year.
大型藻类常被用作包括阿拉伯海湾在内的沿海地区重金属污染的生物指标。在阿拉伯海湾海岸，工业活动不断释放重金属，因此需要进行污染监测。由于藻类物种和采样时间点的可变性，使用大型藻类进行生物监测研究得出了高度不同的评估结果。我们于 2018 年 9 月至 2 月期间在阿拉伯海湾西海岸的三个地点进行了系统的每月褐藻（Phaeophyta）采样。由于它们具有共同的褐藻物种组成，因此监测了一个城市地区（乌盖尔）和两个炼油区（拉斯坦努拉和朱拜勒）。Cystoseira myrica、C. trinodis C. osmundacea、Hormophysa cuneiformis、Sargassum aquifolium、S. latifolium、S. filipendula 和 Padina boryana 的发生率在不同地点和不同地点的年内时间存在差异。Co、Cd 和 Pb 的浓度在采样地点、藻类物种和采样时间点之间差异显著。一些物种的浓度表现出朝着 2 月的趋势增加。然而，似乎没有最佳的采样时间点，也没有推荐的优势褐藻物种。Padina boryana 积累的重金属最多。然而，这种物种只生长在两个石油污染的地点。我们得出结论，一些褐藻物种可用于监测阿拉伯海湾西海岸的重金属污染。应系统监测物种发生率，应选择当地的物种，并在同年的同一时间进行采样。
