Ivanov Dmitry
Department of Business Administration, Berlin School of Economics and Law, 10825 Berlin, Germany.
Ann Oper Res. 2022;319(1):1411-1431. doi: 10.1007/s10479-020-03640-6. Epub 2020 May 22.
Viability is the ability of a supply chain (SC) to maintain itself and survive in a changing environment through a redesign of structures and replanning of performance with long-term impacts. In this paper, we theorize a new notion-the viable supply chain (VSC). In our approach, viability is considered as an underlying SC property spanning three perspectives, i.e., agility, resilience, and sustainability. The principal ideas of the VSC model are adaptable structural SC designs for supply-demand allocations and, most importantly, establishment and control of adaptive mechanisms for transitions between the structural designs. Further, we demonstrate how the VSC components can be categorized across organizational, informational, process-functional, technological, and financial structures. Moreover, our study offers a VSC framework within an SC ecosystem. We discuss the relations between resilience and viability. Through the lens and guidance of dynamic systems theory, we illustrate the VSC model at the technical level. The VSC model can be of value for decision-makers to design SCs that can react adaptively to both positive changes (i.e., the agility angle) and be able to absorb negative disturbances, recover and survive during short-term disruptions and long-term, global shocks with societal and economical transformations (i.e., the resilience and sustainability angles). The VSC model can help firms in guiding their decisions on recovery and re-building of their SCs after global, long-term crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. We emphasize that resilience is the central perspective in the VSC guaranteeing viability of the SCs of the future. Emerging directions in VSC research are discussed.
生存能力是指供应链（SC）通过重新设计结构和重新规划具有长期影响的绩效，在不断变化的环境中维持自身并生存的能力。在本文中，我们提出了一个新的概念——可行供应链（VSC）。在我们的方法中，生存能力被视为供应链的一种潜在属性，涵盖三个视角，即敏捷性、恢复力和可持续性。VSC模型的主要思想是针对供需分配进行适应性的供应链结构设计，最重要的是建立和控制结构设计之间转换的自适应机制。此外，我们展示了VSC的组成部分如何在组织、信息、流程功能、技术和财务结构中进行分类。而且，我们的研究在供应链生态系统中提供了一个VSC框架。我们讨论了恢复力和生存能力之间的关系。通过动态系统理论的视角和指导，我们在技术层面阐述了VSC模型。VSC模型对于决策者设计能够对积极变化（即敏捷性角度）做出自适应反应，并且能够在短期干扰以及伴随社会和经济变革的长期全球冲击（即恢复力和可持续性角度）中吸收负面干扰、恢复并生存下来的供应链具有价值。VSC模型可以帮助企业在诸如新冠疫情这样的全球长期危机之后，指导其关于供应链恢复和重建的决策。我们强调恢复力是VSC的核心视角，它保障着未来供应链的生存能力。文中还讨论了VSC研究的新兴方向。
