Rahman Towfique, Taghikhah Firouzeh, Paul Sanjoy Kumar, Shukla Nagesh, Agarwal Renu
UTS Business School, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.
Comput Ind Eng. 2021 Aug;158:107401. doi: 10.1016/j.cie.2021.107401. Epub 2021 May 18.
The current COVID-19 pandemic has hugely disrupted supply chains (SCs) in different sectors globally. The global demand for many essential items (e.g., facemasks, food products) has been phenomenal, resulting in supply failure. SCs could not keep up with the shortage of raw materials, and manufacturing firms could not ramp up their production capacity to meet these unparalleled demand levels. This study aimed to examine a set of congruent strategies and recovery plans to minimize the cost and maximize the availability of essential items to respond to global SC disruptions. We used facemask SCs as an example and simulated the current state of its supply and demand using the agent-based modeling method. We proposed two main recovery strategies relevant to building emergency supply and extra manufacturing capacity to mitigate SC disruptions. Our findings revealed that minimizing the risk response time and maximizing the production capacity helped essential item manufacturers meet consumers' skyrocketing demands and timely supply to consumers, reducing financial shocks to firms. Our study suggested that delayed implementation of the proposed recovery strategies could lead to supply, demand, and financial shocks for essential item manufacturers. This study scrutinized strategies to mitigate the demand-supply crisis of essential items. It further proposed congruent strategies and recovery plans to alleviate the problem in the exceptional disruptive event caused by COVID-19.
当前的新冠疫情极大地扰乱了全球不同行业的供应链。全球对许多必需品（如口罩、食品）的需求惊人，导致供应短缺。供应链无法跟上原材料短缺的状况，制造企业也无法提高其生产能力以满足这些前所未有的需求水平。本研究旨在探讨一套一致的策略和恢复计划，以尽量降低成本并最大限度地提高必需品的供应，从而应对全球供应链中断的情况。我们以口罩供应链为例，采用基于主体的建模方法模拟了其供需现状。我们提出了与建立应急供应和额外生产能力相关的两种主要恢复策略，以减轻供应链中断的影响。我们的研究结果表明，将风险响应时间降至最低并最大限度地提高生产能力有助于必需品制造商满足消费者激增的需求并及时向消费者供应产品，减少企业面临的财务冲击。我们的研究表明，延迟实施所提出的恢复策略可能会给必需品制造商带来供应、需求和财务冲击。本研究审视了缓解必需品供需危机的策略。它还进一步提出了一致的策略和恢复计划，以缓解由新冠疫情引发的特殊干扰事件中的问题。
