Janssen Marijn, van der Voort Haiko
Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Delft University of Technology, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX Delft, the Netherlands.
Int J Inf Manage. 2020 Dec;55:102180. doi: 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102180. Epub 2020 Jun 23.
Countries around the world have had to respond to the COVID-19 outbreak with limited information and confronting many uncertainties. Their ability to be agile and adaptive has been stressed, particularly in regard to the timing of policy measures, the level of decision centralization, the autonomy of decisions and the balance between change and stability. In this contribution we use our observations of responses to COVID-19 to reflect on agility and adaptive governance and provide tools to evaluate it after the dust has settled. Whereas agility relates mainly to the speed of response within given structures, adaptivity implies system-level changes throughout government. Existing institutional structures and tools can enable adaptivity and agility, which can be complimentary approaches. However, agility sometimes conflicts with adaptability. Our analysis points to the paradoxical nature of adaptive governance. Indeed, successful adaptive governance calls for both decision speed and sound analysis, for both centralized and decentralized decision-making, for both innovation and bureaucracy, and both science and politics.
世界各国在信息有限且面临诸多不确定性的情况下，不得不应对新冠疫情的爆发。它们的敏捷性和适应性受到了考验，尤其是在政策措施的时机、决策集中程度、决策自主性以及变革与稳定之间的平衡方面。在本论文中，我们利用对各国应对新冠疫情的观察，来反思敏捷性和适应性治理，并提供在尘埃落定后评估它的工具。敏捷性主要涉及在既定结构内的响应速度，而适应性则意味着整个政府层面的系统性变革。现有的制度结构和工具可以促进适应性和敏捷性，这两者可以相辅相成。然而，敏捷性有时与适应性相冲突。我们的分析指出了适应性治理的矛盾本质。事实上，成功的适应性治理既需要决策速度，也需要深入分析；既需要集中决策，也需要分散决策；既需要创新，也需要官僚作风；既需要科学，也需要政治。
