Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics, Nihon Pharmaceutical University, Ina 362-0806, Japan.
Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
Exp Gerontol. 2020 Nov;141:111064. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.111064. Epub 2020 Aug 22.
Porcine liver decomposition product (PLDP) contains neurofunctional phospholipids. We previously reported that PLDP enhances cognitive function in healthy adult humans, based on clinical evaluations using Hasegawa's Dementia Scale-Revised. In this study, we evaluated the effect of PLDP on memory indicators of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R), an internationally recognized battery for memory assessment.
We conducted a double-blind parallel-group placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the effect of PLDP on memory. Fifty-eight participants competed the trial: 28 participants were in the PLDP group and 30 participants were in the placebo group. Each group was administered PLDP (4 capsules) or a placebo (4 capsules) for 4 continuous weeks. WMS-R was administered before and 4 weeks after PLDP or placebo intake. The data were also subdivided by age for participants under 40 years (N = 15 in PLDP; N = 15 in placebo) and over 40 years (N = 13 in PLDP, N = 15 in placebo). Changes in Verbal Memory, Visual Memory, Attention/Concentration, and Delayed Recall were analyzed.
No significant differences were found in any memory indicators between the PLDP group and the placebo group in pooled participants and in participants under 40 years of age. However, for participants over 40 years of age, PLDP administration resulted in a significant enhancement than placebo administration in Delayed Recall (14.1 ± 7.1 points vs. 7.1 ± 6.8 points) (P < 0.05), Visual Recall I (20.1 ± 23.1 percentile vs 1.9 ± 22.8 percentile) (P < 0.05), and Visual Recall II (24.2 ± 25.8 percentile vs 6.7 ± 19.0 percentile) (P < 0.05), respectively. The composition ratio of men to women in each group was imbalanced but no significant difference existed between the two groups.
A modest sample size, single-center design, and a fairly short follow-up period.
PLDP enhanced Visual Memory and Delayed Recall in healthy adults over 40 years of age but not in healthy adults under 40 years of age. Therefore, PLDP may represent a promising nutraceutical that could improve cognitive function in healthy adults over 40 years of age. Further studies are required to evaluate if long term PLDP administration can prevent or delay cognitive dysfunction in healthy adults over 40 years of age.
猪肝脏分解产物（PLDP）含有神经功能磷脂。我们之前曾报道，PLDP 通过使用长谷川痴呆量表修订版（Hasegawa's Dementia Scale-Revised）进行临床评估，可增强健康成年人群的认知功能。在这项研究中，我们评估了 PLDP 对韦氏记忆量表修订版（Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised，WMS-R）记忆指标的影响，WMS-R 是一种国际公认的记忆评估工具。
我们进行了一项双盲平行组安慰剂对照试验，以评估 PLDP 对记忆的影响。共有 58 名参与者完成了该试验：28 名参与者在 PLDP 组，30 名参与者在安慰剂组。每组连续 4 周服用 PLDP（4 粒胶囊）或安慰剂（4 粒胶囊）。在 PLDP 或安慰剂摄入前和 4 周后进行 WMS-R 测试。根据年龄将数据进一步细分为 40 岁以下（PLDP 组 N=15，安慰剂组 N=15）和 40 岁以上（PLDP 组 N=13，安慰剂组 N=15）。分析了言语记忆、视觉记忆、注意力/集中力和延迟回忆的变化。
在所有参与者和 40 岁以下的参与者中，PLDP 组和安慰剂组在任何记忆指标上均无显著差异。然而，对于 40 岁以上的参与者，与安慰剂相比，PLDP 给药导致延迟回忆（14.1±7.1 分对 7.1±6.8 分）（P<0.05）、视觉回忆 I（20.1±23.1 百分位对 1.9±22.8 百分位）（P<0.05）和视觉回忆 II（24.2±25.8 百分位对 6.7±19.0 百分位）（P<0.05）分别显著增强。每组中男女比例不平衡，但两组之间无显著差异。
样本量小、单中心设计和随访时间较短。
PLDP 可增强 40 岁以上健康成年人的视觉记忆和延迟回忆，但不能增强 40 岁以下健康成年人的视觉记忆和延迟回忆。因此，PLDP 可能代表一种有前途的营养保健品，可改善 40 岁以上健康成年人的认知功能。需要进一步研究评估长期 PLDP 给药是否可以预防或延迟 40 岁以上健康成年人的认知功能障碍。
