Department of Psychology, Florida State University, 1107 W. Call Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
Department of Psychology, Florida State University, 1107 W. Call Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306, USA.
J Psychiatr Res. 2020 Nov;130:218-223. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.07.029. Epub 2020 Aug 4.
The association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and suicidal ideation is well-established and recent prospective studies have demonstrated the unique role of hyperarousal symptoms. In particular, over-arousal may elevate suicide risk in the presence of interpersonal vulnerability factors including thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and acquired capability. Therefore, the current study sought to examine the differential associations between PTSD symptom clusters and suicidality and the impact of interpersonal risk factors. Trauma-exposed adults (N = 247) completed a questionnaire battery at baseline and three-month follow-up, as part of a larger randomized controlled trial of computerized interventions for suicide risk. Given the focus of the current study, treatment condition was controlled for in all analyses. Results indicated that hyperarousal symptoms significantly predict suicidality, while reexperiencing and avoidance symptoms do not. Specifically, greater hyperarousal symptoms predicted increased suicidal ideation among individuals with high perceived burdensomeness. Although the interaction effect was not significant, hyperarousal symptoms were also pertinent among individuals with high acquired capability. Taken together, findings suggest that assessment of hyperarousal symptoms and perceived burdensomeness may serve to identify trauma-exposed individuals at greater risk for suicide. Additionally, these factors may serve as effective intervention targets.
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）与自杀意念之间的关联已得到充分证实，最近的前瞻性研究也证明了过度唤醒症状的独特作用。特别是，过度唤醒可能会在存在人际脆弱性因素（包括归属感受挫、感知负担和习得能力）的情况下增加自杀风险。因此，本研究旨在探讨 PTSD 症状群与自杀意念的差异关联以及人际风险因素的影响。创伤暴露的成年人（N=247）作为计算机干预自杀风险的更大随机对照试验的一部分，在基线和三个月随访时完成了一份问卷。鉴于本研究的重点，在所有分析中均控制了治疗条件。结果表明，过度唤醒症状显著预测自杀意念，而再体验和回避症状则不然。具体来说，较高的过度唤醒症状预示着感知负担较重的个体自杀意念增加。虽然交互作用不显著，但在习得能力较高的个体中，过度唤醒症状也很重要。综上所述，研究结果表明，评估过度唤醒症状和感知负担可能有助于识别自杀风险较高的创伤暴露个体。此外，这些因素可能成为有效的干预目标。
