Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, 2-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
Faculty of Education, Tokyo Gakugei University, 4-1-1, Nukuikita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8501, Japan.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Aug 22;17(17):6120. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176120.
This study aimed to investigate changes in nurses' attitudes toward professional autonomy and occupational commitment over time, and their effect on nurses' intentions to leave, using a two-wave longitudinal design. Anonymous, self-report questionnaires were distributed to all nurses working at 28 hospitals in western Japan on two separate occasions ( = 1778). Multivariate analysis using a generalized estimation equation was conducted, with the intention to leave at Time 2 as the dependent variable, and the changing secular trends in all subscales of attitudes toward professional autonomy and occupational commitment as the independent variables. Age, sex, education, and intention to leave at Time 1 were control variables. Results showed that increasing changing secular trends in control over work conditions, which is a subscale of attitudes toward professional autonomy, increased intention to leave at Time 2, while increasing changing secular trends in all subscales of occupational commitment decreased intention to leave at Time 2. Nurses with a progressive attitude toward discretion of control over work conditions may have higher intentions to leave. Therefore, increasing control over their work conditions may reduce this intention. Additionally, it is necessary to continually enhance nurses' occupational commitment by offering professional development programs.
本研究旨在通过两波纵向设计，调查护士对专业自主性和职业承诺的态度随时间的变化及其对护士离职意向的影响。匿名，自我报告问卷分两次（= 1778）分发给日本西部 28 家医院的所有护士。使用广义估计方程进行多变量分析，以离职意向为因变量，专业自主性和职业承诺所有分量表的变化趋势为自变量。年龄、性别、教育程度和第一时间的离职意向为控制变量。结果表明，工作条件控制感的变化趋势（专业自主性的一个分量表）增加，第二时间的离职意向增加，而职业承诺的所有分量表的变化趋势增加，第二时间的离职意向减少。对控制工作条件的自由裁量权持渐进态度的护士可能有更高的离职意向。因此，增加对工作条件的控制可能会降低这种意图。此外，通过提供专业发展计划，不断增强护士的职业承诺是必要的。
