Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Department of Cognitive Science, Central European University, Hungary.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2020 Oct;210:103167. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103167. Epub 2020 Aug 25.
The self-prioritisation and we-prioritisation effects can be observed through faster responses to self-stimuli (self and group) than non-self-stimuli. It remains uncertain if we-prioritisation extends to individual members of one's own group. In light of recent work that implicates memory-based processes in identity-prioritisation effects, the present experiment was developed to determine whether a task-partner's identity relevant information also benefits from an enhanced representation, despite conflicting evidence of partner-prioritisation. To this end, pairs of participants were recruited to perform a joint task. Each partner was assigned a shape and a stranger was also assigned a shape. Participants then completed a shape-to-label matching task where one participant responded if a shape and a label pair matched and the other responded if the shape and a label pair did not match. Halfway through the task the associated identities were switched such that the same shapes and labels were reassigned. Overall, a standard self-prioritisation effect was observed with match-responders making faster responses to self- over partner- and stranger-stimuli. After identities were remapped a decrement in performance was observed for self-trials relative to baseline self-responses. Conversely, responses were faster to partner- and stranger-stimuli relative to baseline performance for each stimulus type. Thus, no evidence was observed for an enhanced representation for task-partner-associated identities. However, an interaction between old and new memory traces for self- and other-associated identities does seem to interfere with self-retrieval and self-verification processes.
自我优先和我们优先效应可以通过对自我刺激（自我和群体）的反应比非自我刺激更快来观察到。我们是否优先考虑自己群体中的个体成员还不确定。鉴于最近的工作表明基于记忆的过程在身份优先化效应中起作用，本实验旨在确定任务伙伴的身份相关信息是否也受益于增强的表示，尽管存在伙伴优先化的矛盾证据。为此，招募了一对参与者来执行一项联合任务。每个伙伴都被分配了一个形状，一个陌生人也被分配了一个形状。然后，参与者完成了一个形状到标签匹配任务，其中一个参与者对形状和标签对匹配的情况做出反应，另一个参与者对形状和标签对不匹配的情况做出反应。在任务进行到一半时，相关身份被切换，相同的形状和标签被重新分配。总的来说，观察到了标准的自我优先化效应，即匹配响应者对自我刺激的反应比对伙伴刺激和陌生人刺激更快。在身份重新映射后，相对于基线自我反应，自我试验的表现下降。相反，对于每种刺激类型，相对于基线表现，对伙伴刺激和陌生人刺激的反应更快。因此，没有观察到任务伙伴相关身份的表示增强的证据。然而，自我和他人相关身份的旧记忆痕迹和新记忆痕迹之间的相互作用似乎确实会干扰自我检索和自我验证过程。
