Department of Cognitive Science, Central European University, Nádor u 9, 1051 Budapest, Hungary; MTA-ELTE Social Minds Research Group, Izabella u. 46, 1064 Budapest, Hungary.
Department of Cognitive Science, Central European University, Nádor u 9, 1051 Budapest, Hungary.
Cognition. 2020 May;198:104221. doi: 10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104221. Epub 2020 Feb 10.
Human memories are malleable and often shaped by social interactions. Previous work has demonstrated that not only one's own goals, but also those of a task-partner can facilitate subsequent retrieval of goal-relevant lexical stimuli, known as the Joint Memory Effect (JME). We outline a social-epistemic account of the JME which proposes that this memory enhancement reflects humans' tendency to map out their interaction partners' knowledge states, leading them to cognitively prioritize information relevant to and selectively attended by their partner. This account predicts that the memory enhancement for partner-relevant words should be limited to contexts where task partners are required to process their targets in terms of meaning, instead of attending to a surface feature. Additionally, we predicted that facilitated recall performance for partner-relevant information would be accompanied by enhanced memory for the social context of that information, that is, participants should be able to link the remembered content to the agent acting on it. The results of four experiments support these predictions. We demonstrate that the JME emerges selectively, depending on which stimulus feature (word meaning or presentation color) is attended by the partner, and that it extends to (and may even depend on) memory for the social context of the targets. Prioritizing partner-relevant information in memory may be linked to processes involved in establishing and monitoring common ground.
人类的记忆是可塑的，并且经常受到社交互动的影响。先前的研究表明，不仅一个人的目标，而且任务伙伴的目标也可以促进随后与目标相关的词汇刺激的检索，这被称为联合记忆效应（JME）。我们概述了 JME 的社会认识论解释，该解释提出这种记忆增强反映了人类倾向于描绘出他们的互动伙伴的知识状态，从而使他们在认知上优先考虑与其伙伴相关的和有选择地关注的信息。该解释预测，对伙伴相关单词的记忆增强应该仅限于需要根据意义处理目标的任务伙伴的上下文，而不是关注表面特征。此外，我们预测，对伙伴相关信息的促进回忆表现将伴随着对该信息的社会背景的增强记忆，也就是说，参与者应该能够将记忆内容与对其起作用的主体联系起来。四项实验的结果支持了这些预测。我们证明，JME 是选择性出现的，具体取决于伙伴关注的刺激特征（单词含义还是呈现颜色），并且它扩展到（甚至可能取决于）对目标的社会背景的记忆。在记忆中优先考虑伙伴相关信息可能与建立和监控共同基础相关的过程有关。
