LAQV-REQUIMTE, DQ, FCT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal; Sines Refinery, Petrogal S.A., 7520-952, Sines, Portugal; CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Chemistry Department, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Materials and Ceramic Engineering, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
J Environ Manage. 2020 Oct 15;272:111080. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111080. Epub 2020 Jul 21.
Reclaiming water for cooling systems in oil refineries has been strongly encouraged over the past years for decreasing the large consumption of fresh water, thus contributing to the efficient use of this valuable resource. In a recent study [Journal of Environmental Management 261 (2020) 110229], some of the authors studied the retention of phenols in refinery wastewater through reverse osmosis (RO) and found rejections of up to 98% of phenols and 99% of both chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC). The permeates complied with the quality standards for make-up water in cooling processes. A missing aspect, important for the water to be used in the oil and gas industry, was the level of corrosivity of the new permeates. In this work the corrosion of mild carbon steel in the permeates and in the original cooling tower make-up water was studied by electrochemical techniques. The corrosion rate of steel in the permeates in aerated conditions was lower (between 0.053 ± 0.006 and 0.123 ± 0.011 mm year) than in the make-up water (0.167 ± 0.030 mm year), confirming their suitability for replacing make-up water in the cooling towers. The low corrosion of carbon steel was attributed to the low conductivity and absence of oxidizing species in the fluids, compared to fresh water.
在过去的几年中，强烈鼓励炼油厂回收冷却系统用水，以减少大量淡水的消耗，从而有助于有效利用这一宝贵资源。在最近的一项研究中[环境管理杂志 261（2020）110229]，一些作者通过反渗透（RO）研究了炼油废水中酚类物质的保留情况，发现酚类物质的截留率高达 98%，化学需氧量（COD）和总有机碳（TOC）的截留率均高达 99%。渗透物符合冷却过程中补给水的质量标准。对于用于石油和天然气行业的水来说，一个缺失的方面是新渗透物的腐蚀性水平。在这项工作中，通过电化学技术研究了轻度碳钢在渗透物和原始冷却塔补给水中的腐蚀情况。在充气条件下，钢在渗透物中的腐蚀速率较低（在 0.053 ± 0.006 和 0.123 ± 0.011 mm 年之间），低于补给水（0.167 ± 0.030 mm 年），证实了它们适合替代冷却塔中的补给水。与淡水相比，流体的低电导率和缺乏氧化性物质导致碳钢的低腐蚀性。
