LAQV-REQUIMTE, DQ, FCT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal; Sines Refinery, Petrogal S.A., 7520-952, Sines, Portugal; CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Universidade de Aveiro, Portugal.
Sines Refinery, Petrogal S.A., 7520-952, Sines, Portugal.
J Environ Manage. 2020 May 1;261:110229. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110229. Epub 2020 Feb 3.
Technologies for water recycling within oil refineries have been gaining interest at an extensive rate due to the large volume of wastewater generated, high dependency of water and the progressive scarcity of this valuable resource. Phenols are part of a specific class of organic pollutants that have been contributing to a low-quality effluent in oil refineries due to their hazardous nature and strict environmental legislation associated. The reuse of stripped sour water within refineries is often blocked due to its rich phenolic content. This study evaluates the retention of phenols in refinery wastewater through reverse osmosis (RO) at its major source of emission, for water reclamation. The RO membrane selected exhibited rejections of up to 98% of phenols and 99% of both chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC). Permeate quality remained intact despite flux decline caused by phenolic and hydrocarbon adsorption when the oil content, in the feed, reached 771 ppm. The effluent's low conductivity due to lack of salts led to minor osmotic pressure differences (less than 2.5 bar at a volume concentration factor of 3), therefore, showing appealing performances of reverse osmosis filtration. Characterization of all permeates obtained from cross-flow filtration experiments showed COD levels in line with water reuse quality standards for make-up water in cooling processes.
由于炼油厂产生的大量废水、对水的高度依赖以及这种宝贵资源的日益稀缺，炼油厂内的水再循环技术得到了广泛关注。酚类是一类特定的有机污染物，由于其危害性和严格的环境法规，导致炼油厂的废水质量较低。由于富含酚类物质，通常会阻止再利用炼油厂的脱酸污水。本研究通过反渗透（RO）评估了在酚类物质的主要排放源处对炼油厂废水进行再回收时酚类物质的截留情况。所选择的 RO 膜对酚类物质的截留率高达 98%，对化学需氧量（COD）和总有机碳（TOC）的截留率也高达 99%。尽管进料中的油含量达到 771 ppm 时，油和碳氢化合物的吸附会导致通量下降，但由于缺乏盐分，渗透物的质量仍然保持完整，这导致渗透压差较小（在体积浓缩因子为 3 时，小于 2.5 巴），因此表现出反渗透过滤的诱人性能。对所有通过错流过滤实验得到的渗透物的特性进行了表征，结果表明 COD 水平符合冷却过程中补充水的再利用水质标准。
