Department of Medical Oncology, BC Cancer Vancouver Centre, Vancouver, BC, V5Z 4E6, Canada.
Department of Urological Sciences, The Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H 3Z6, Canada.
Future Oncol. 2020 Dec;16(36):3021-3034. doi: 10.2217/fon-2020-0586. Epub 2020 Aug 28.
Owing to an improved understanding of the immunobiological profile of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the past few years have ushered in significant changes in systemic therapies for advanced stage RCC. First-line treatment with single-agent tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) has been virtually replaced for most patients by immunotherapy combinations. The first of such treatments was the dual immune checkpoint inhibitor combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab. More recently, the combination of an immune checkpoint inhibitor and a TKI has also moved into the first-line setting. This review summarizes the pharmacologic properties, evidence for use and safety of avelumab, a PD-L1 inhibitor and axitinib a small-molecule TKI, each as monotherapy, and in combination for the management of metastatic RCC.
由于对肾细胞癌（RCC）的免疫生物学特征有了更深入的了解，过去几年中，晚期 RCC 的系统治疗发生了重大变化。对于大多数患者来说，一线单药酪氨酸激酶抑制剂（TKI）治疗已经被免疫治疗联合方案所取代。首个此类治疗方法是伊匹单抗和纳武单抗的双重免疫检查点抑制剂联合治疗。最近，免疫检查点抑制剂和 TKI 的联合也已进入一线治疗。本文综述了 PD-L1 抑制剂avelumab 及小分子 TKI 阿昔替尼单药及联合治疗转移性 RCC 的药理学特性、应用证据和安全性。
