Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2020 Aug 1;21(8):2237-2242. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.8.2237.
The etiology of multiple myeloma (MM) is not known. Enzymes such as xanthine oxidase (XO) and NADPH oxidase 1 (NOX1) as relevant sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production may play a crucial role in the incidence and progress of MM. Uric acid generated by XO has a controversial dual role in both the prevention and promotion of cancer. We conducted a case-control study and selected patients with stage I MM to investigate the status of XO, NOX1, and uric acid in the patients and controls.
We used a sample of 33 patients with stage I MM and 30 healthy controls. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measured the enzyme concentration of XO and NOX1, and the colorimetric method measured the serum level of uric acid.
Mean serum levels for XO in patients and controls were 6.17±0.83 ng/ml and 4.12±0.57 ng/ml (P<0.001). serum levels of NOX1 were 4.35±1.03 ng/ml in patients and 3.54±0.91 ng/ml in controls (P<0.001). Evaluating the levels of XO and NOX1 in male and female populations showed a significant difference in the male population (NOX1 P=0.002; XO P<0.001) and female population (NOX1 P=0.002; XO P<0.001). Also, a significant correlation was observed between the two enzymes only in the female population (Pearson correlation=0.5; P=0.006). A significant inverse correlation found between albumin and XO (Pearson correlation=-0.7, P<0.001) and NOX1 (Pearson correlation=-0.5, P<0.001). XO was correlated with B2-m (Pearson correlation=0.37, P=0.003). There was no significant difference in uric acid between patients (6.2±1.2 mg/dl) and controls (5.7±1 mg/dl) (P=0.2), and no correlation was found with XO.
The present study indicates the possible role of XO and NOX 1 in the etiology of MM. Although we found no correlation between uric acid and XO, further studies will help clarify the function of uric acid in the pathogenesis of MM.
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多发性骨髓瘤（MM）的病因尚不清楚。黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）和 NADPH 氧化酶 1（NOX1）等酶作为活性氧（ROS）产生的相关来源，可能在 MM 的发生和进展中发挥关键作用。XO 产生的尿酸在预防和促进癌症方面具有双重争议性作用。我们进行了一项病例对照研究，选择了 I 期 MM 患者，以研究患者和对照组中 XO、NOX1 和尿酸的状态。
我们使用了 33 名 I 期 MM 患者和 30 名健康对照者的样本。酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）测量了 XO 和 NOX1 的酶浓度，比色法测量了血清尿酸水平。
患者和对照组的 XO 平均血清水平分别为 6.17±0.83ng/ml 和 4.12±0.57ng/ml（P<0.001）。NOX1 的血清水平在患者中为 4.35±1.03ng/ml，在对照组中为 3.54±0.91ng/ml（P<0.001）。在男性和女性人群中评估 XO 和 NOX1 的水平时，在男性人群中（NOX1 P=0.002；XO P<0.001）和女性人群中（NOX1 P=0.002；XO P<0.001）均存在显著差异。此外，仅在女性人群中观察到两种酶之间存在显著相关性（皮尔逊相关性=0.5；P=0.006）。还发现白蛋白与 XO（皮尔逊相关性=-0.7，P<0.001）和 NOX1（皮尔逊相关性=-0.5，P<0.001）之间存在显著负相关。XO 与 B2-m（皮尔逊相关性=0.37，P=0.003）相关。患者（6.2±1.2mg/dl）和对照组（5.7±1mg/dl）之间的尿酸无显著差异（P=0.2），与 XO 也无相关性。
本研究表明 XO 和 NOX1 可能在 MM 的病因中起作用。尽管我们发现尿酸与 XO 之间无相关性，但进一步的研究将有助于阐明尿酸在 MM 发病机制中的作用。
