Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Microsc Res Tech. 2021 Jan;84(1):101-110. doi: 10.1002/jemt.23570. Epub 2020 Aug 28.
Citrus is the leading fruit crop of Pakistan and exported to different parts of the world. Due to suitable weather condition, this crop is affected by different biotic factors which seriously deteriorate its quality and quantity. During the months of November 2018 to January 2019, citrus brown rot symptoms were recurrently observed on sweet oranges in National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad. Causal agent of citrus brown rot was isolated, characterized, and identified as Fusarium oxysporum. For environment-friendly control of this disease, leaf extract of Azadirachta indica was used for the green synthesis of iron oxide (Fe O ) nanoparticles. These nanoparticles were characterized before their application for disease control. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of these synthesized nanoparticles described the presence of stabilizing and reducing compounds like alcohol, phenol, carboxylic acid, and alkaline and aromatic compounds. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed the crystalline nature and size (24 nm) of these nanoparticles. Energy dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis elaborated the presence of major elements in the samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) confirmed the spinal shaped morphology of prepared nanoparticles. Successfully synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated for their antifungal potential. Different concentrations of Fe O nanoparticles were used and maximum mycelial inhibition was observed at 1.0 mg/ml concentration. On the basis of these findings, it could be concluded that Fe O nanoparticles, synthesized in the leaf extract of A. indica, can be successfully used for the control of brown rot of sweet oranges.
柑橘是巴基斯坦的主要水果作物，出口到世界不同地区。由于适宜的天气条件，这种作物受到不同生物因素的影响，严重恶化了其质量和数量。2018 年 11 月至 2019 年 1 月期间，在伊斯兰堡的国家农业研究中心（NARC），甜橙上反复出现柑橘褐腐病症状。从柑橘褐腐病上分离出的病原菌被鉴定为尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）。为了实现这种疾病的环保控制，使用印楝（Azadirachta indica）叶提取物来绿色合成氧化铁（FeO）纳米粒子。在将这些纳米粒子用于疾病控制之前，对其进行了特性描述。这些合成的纳米粒子的傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）描述了存在稳定和还原化合物，如醇、酚、羧酸、碱性和芳香族化合物。X 射线衍射（XRD）分析表明这些纳米粒子具有结晶性质和尺寸（24nm）。能量色散 X 射线（EDX）分析详细说明了样品中主要元素的存在。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）证实了所制备纳米粒子的脊柱状形态。成功合成的纳米粒子被评估其抗真菌潜力。使用不同浓度的 FeO 纳米粒子，在 1.0mg/ml 浓度下观察到最大的菌丝抑制。基于这些发现，可以得出结论，在印楝叶提取物中合成的 FeO 纳米粒子可以成功用于控制甜橙的褐腐病。
