Tsuji Taishi, Saito Masashige, Ikeda Takaaki, Aida Jun, Cable Noriko, Koyama Shihoko, Noguchi Taiji, Osaka Ken, Kondo Katsunori
Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo City, Tokyo 112-0012 Japan; Center for Preventive Medical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo Ward, Chiba City, Chiba 260-8670 Japan.
Department of Social Welfare, Nihon Fukushi University, Okuda, Mihama-cho, Chita-gun, Aichi 470-3295 Japan.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2020 Nov/Dec;91:104237. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2020.104237. Epub 2020 Aug 22.
To compare the change in the prevalence of social isolation from 2010 to 2016 between older populations in Japan, the most aging and socially isolated country, and England, a country known for advanced social isolation measures.
Surveys from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (JAGES) and the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) included 70,751 and 4134 participants, respectively, aged 65 years or older in 2010 and 94,228 and 4295 participants in 2016. We assessed the social isolation of respondents on a scale from 0 to 5 points based on lack of social interactions with a spouse or partner, children, relatives, or friends and nonparticipation in any organization.
Results of two-way analysis of variance confirmed significant interactions (nation × period) in men and women aged 65-74 years and women aged 75 years or older. In JAGES, all had higher scores in 2016 compared to 2010 (1.64-1.76, 1.28-1.36, and 1.55-1.60 points, respectively). Furthermore, the proportions of those with lack of interaction with relatives increased (52.7%-58.9%, 31.5%-41.1%, and 25.2%39.2%, respectively). In ELSA, women aged 75 years or older demonstrated a significantly lower mean score in 2016 than in 2010 (1.40 vs. 1.21). No significant changes were observed in other groups.
Social isolation among older adults is more severe in Japan than in England. The difference has widened, especially for women and younger older adults. This is attributed to the weakening relationships with relatives in Japan.
比较在2010年至2016年间，老龄化程度最高且社会孤立问题严重的日本老年人群体与以先进的社会孤立应对措施而闻名的英国老年人群体中社会孤立患病率的变化情况。
日本老年学评估研究（JAGES）和英国老龄化纵向研究（ELSA）的调查分别纳入了2010年时70751名和4134名65岁及以上的参与者，以及2016年时94228名和4295名参与者。我们根据与配偶或伴侣、子女、亲属或朋友缺乏社交互动以及未参与任何组织的情况，将受访者的社会孤立程度按0至5分进行评估。
双向方差分析结果证实，65 - 74岁男性和女性以及75岁及以上女性中存在显著的交互作用（国家×时期）。在JAGES中，与2010年相比，所有人在2016年的得分都更高（分别为1.64 - 1.76分、1.28 - 1.36分和1.55 - 1.60分）。此外，与亲属缺乏互动的人群比例有所增加（分别为52.7% - 58.9%、31.5% - 41.1%和25.2% - 39.2%）。在ELSA中，75岁及以上女性在2016年的平均得分显著低于2010年（分别为1.40分和1.21分）。其他群体未观察到显著变化。
日本老年人的社会孤立情况比英国更为严重。这种差异有所扩大，尤其是对女性和较年轻的老年人而言。这归因于日本亲属关系的弱化。
