Sharpless Brian A, Denis Dan, Perach Rotem, French Christopher C, Gregory Alice M
Department of Psychology, St, Mary's College of Maryland, USA; Department of Psychology, Goldsmiths, University of London, United Kingdom.
Department of Psychology, University of Notre Dame, Indiana, USA.
Sleep Med. 2020 Nov;75:251-255. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.05.043. Epub 2020 Jun 10.
Exploding head syndrome (EHS) is a benign sensory parasomnia characterized by the perception of loud noises or a sense of explosion in the head. Few studies have assessed clinical features and little is known about demographic differences or prevention strategies.
PATIENTS/METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 3286 individuals with and 2954 without lifetime EHS episodes was conducted via online questionnaires.
Those with EHS had shorter sleep durations, longer sleep onset latencies, poorer sleep quality, and less sleep efficiency, but effect sizes for these differences were small. Females were slightly more likely than males to endorse EHS. 44.4% of individuals with EHS experienced significant fear during episodes, but fewer reported clinically significant distress (25.0%) or interference (10.1%) as a result of EHS. Most sufferers believed it to be a brain-based phenomenon, but a small minority endorsed anomalous causes. Five prevention strategies with >50% reported effectiveness were identified.
EHS was assessed in the largest sample to date. Though associated with clinical impacts, no empirically supported interventions yet exist. The five prevention strategies may prove useful for treatment development.
爆炸头综合征（EHS）是一种良性感觉性异态睡眠，其特征为头部出现巨响或爆炸感。很少有研究评估其临床特征，对于人口统计学差异或预防策略知之甚少。
患者/方法：通过在线问卷对3286名有过EHS发作经历和2954名无此经历的个体进行了横断面研究。
患有EHS的人睡眠时间较短、入睡潜伏期较长、睡眠质量较差且睡眠效率较低，但这些差异的效应量较小。女性比男性更有可能认可自己患有EHS。44.4%的EHS患者在发作期间经历了显著恐惧，但因EHS而报告有临床显著痛苦（25.0%）或干扰（10.1%）的患者较少。大多数患者认为这是一种基于大脑的现象，但少数人认可异常原因。确定了五种报告有效率超过50%的预防策略。
在迄今为止最大的样本中对EHS进行了评估。尽管它与临床影响相关，但尚无经实证支持的干预措施。这五种预防策略可能对治疗开发有用。
