Graduate School of Medicine, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW.
Med J Aust. 2020 Oct;213(7):329-334. doi: 10.5694/mja2.50747. Epub 2020 Aug 31.
To synthesise what is known about women combining motherhood and a career in medicine by examining the published research into their experiences and perspectives.
We reviewed peer-reviewed articles published or available in English reporting original research into motherhood and medicine and published during 2008-2019. Two researchers screened each abstract and independently reviewed full text articles. Study quality was assessed.
CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus abstract databases.
The database search identified 4200 articles; after screening and full text assessment, we undertook an integrative review synthesis of the 35 articles that met our inclusion criteria.
Three core themes were identified: Motherhood: the impact of being a doctor on raising children; Medicine: the impact of being a mother on a medical career; and Combining motherhood and medicine: strategies and policies. Several structural and attitudinal barriers to women pursuing both medical careers and motherhood were identified. It was often reported that women prioritise career advancement by delaying starting a family, and that female doctors believed that career progression would be slowed by motherhood. Few evaluations of policies for supporting pregnant doctors, providing maternity leave, and assisting their return to work after giving birth have been published. We did not find any relevant studies undertaken in Australia or New Zealand, nor any studies with a focus on community-based medicine or intervention studies. Prospective investigations and rigorous evaluations of policies and support mechanisms in different medical specialties would be appropriate.
PROSPERO CRD42019116228.
通过考察已发表的关于女性兼顾母职和医学职业的经验和观点的研究，综合了解女性在兼顾母职和医学职业方面的情况。
我们回顾了 2008 年至 2019 年间以英文发表的、针对母职和医学的原创研究的同行评审文章，这些文章报道了相关经历和观点。两位研究人员分别筛选了摘要，并独立审查了全文文章。评估了研究质量。
CINAHL、MEDLINE、PsycINFO、Web of Science 和 Scopus 摘要数据库。
数据库搜索确定了 4200 篇文章；经过筛选和全文评估，我们对符合纳入标准的 35 篇文章进行了综合综述。
确定了三个核心主题：母职：作为医生对养育子女的影响；医学：作为母亲对医学职业的影响；兼顾母职和医学：策略和政策。确定了女性追求医学职业和母职所面临的一些结构性和态度性障碍。经常有报道称，女性通过推迟组建家庭来优先考虑职业发展，而且女医生认为生育会减缓职业发展。很少有关于支持怀孕医生的政策、提供产假以及协助她们分娩后重返工作岗位的评估。我们没有找到任何在澳大利亚或新西兰进行的相关研究，也没有任何以社区为基础的医学或干预研究为重点的研究。在不同医学专业中，对政策和支持机制进行前瞻性调查和严格评估是合适的。
PROSPERO CRD42019116228。
