Biomedical Engineering Department, National Institute of Technology, Raipur, India.
College of Engineering, Al Ain University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2021 Feb;109(2):279-293. doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.34699. Epub 2020 Aug 31.
During past few decades, the demand for the replacement of damaged organs is increasing consistently. This is due to the advancement in tissue engineering, which opens the possibility of regeneration of damaged organs or tissues into functional parts with the help of 3D bioprinting. Bioprinting technology presents an excellent potential to develop complex structures with precise control over cell suspension and structure. A brief description of different types of 3D bioprinting techniques, including inkjet-based, laser-based, and extrusion-based bioprinting is presented here. Due to innate advantageous features like tunable biodegradability, biocompatibility, elasticity and mechanical robustness, silk has carved a niche in the realm of tissue engineering. In this review article, the focus is to highlight the possible approach of exploring silk as bioink for fabrication of bioprinted implants using 3D bioprinting. This review discusses different type of degumming, dissolution techniques for extraction of proteins from different sources of silk. Different recently reported 3D bioprinting techniques suitable for silk-based bioink are further elaborated. Postprinting characterization of resultant scaffolds are also describe here. However, there is an astounding progress in 3D bioprinting technology, still there is a need to develop further the current bioprinting technology to make it suitable for generation of heterogeneous tissue construct. The possibility of utilizing the adhesive property of sericin to consider it as bioink is elaborated.
在过去的几十年中,对受损器官替代物的需求一直在持续增长。这是由于组织工程学的进步,它为通过 3D 生物打印将受损器官或组织再生为具有功能的部分提供了可能性。生物打印技术具有出色的潜力,可以在精确控制细胞悬浮液和结构的情况下开发复杂结构。本文简要介绍了不同类型的 3D 生物打印技术,包括喷墨式、激光式和挤出式生物打印。由于具有可调节的生物降解性、生物相容性、弹性和机械强度等固有优势,丝在组织工程领域中占据了一席之地。在这篇综述文章中,重点是探讨利用 3D 生物打印技术,探索丝作为生物墨水制造生物打印植入物的可能性。本文讨论了从不同来源的丝中提取蛋白质的不同脱胶、溶解技术。进一步详细阐述了适用于丝基生物墨水的不同类型的最近报道的 3D 生物打印技术。还在这里描述了所得支架的后打印特性。然而,尽管 3D 生物打印技术取得了惊人的进展,但仍需要进一步开发当前的生物打印技术,使其适用于生成异质组织构建体。阐述了利用丝胶的粘性将其用作生物墨水的可能性。