Pierson W E
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1988 May;81(5 Pt 2):949-52. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(88)90158-3.
The objective measurement of nasal airway function has become increasingly important in the evaluation of both clinical responses and nasal challenge testing methodology when both the diagnosis and treatment of upper respiratory tract disease are assessed. Such measurements include the quantitation of nasal symptoms by use of symptom diaries, nasal physical examination, and scoring systems, and assessment of structural and functional changes of the nasal mucosa by light and electron microscopy and by other methods using radioisotopes. In addition, quantitation of nasal secretions along with qualitative analysis of various components of nasal secretions has recently shed new light on the pathologic picture of nasal disease. Various means of measuring changes in nasal blood flow and nasal airflow have enjoyed increasing use in both investigative and clinical application. Measurement of nasal cross-sectional area along with objective assessment of eustachian tube dysfunction and the use of various pharmacologic and immunologic probes have allowed varying approaches to the evaluation of nasal airway structure and function in both health and disease.
在评估上呼吸道疾病的诊断和治疗时，鼻气道功能的客观测量在临床反应评估和鼻激发试验方法中变得越来越重要。此类测量包括使用症状日记对鼻症状进行量化、鼻体格检查和评分系统，以及通过光学和电子显微镜以及使用放射性同位素的其他方法评估鼻黏膜的结构和功能变化。此外，鼻分泌物的定量以及鼻分泌物各种成分的定性分析最近为鼻病的病理情况提供了新的线索。测量鼻血流和鼻气流变化的各种方法在研究和临床应用中越来越多地被使用。鼻横截面积的测量以及咽鼓管功能障碍的客观评估，以及各种药理学和免疫学探针的使用，为评估健康和疾病状态下鼻气道的结构和功能提供了不同的方法。
