Fireman P
Department of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1988 May;81(5 Pt 2):953-60. doi: 10.1016/0091-6749(88)90159-5.
Nasal provocative testing is the introduction of a specific factor into the nose and the subsequent assessment of the pathophysiologic changes induced by the challenge. The provocative test primarily affects the nasal airway but also may affect the adjacent organs, including the eustachian tube, middle ear, sinuses, and lower respiratory tract. Recent advances in the measurement of nasal airway resistance with microcomputer-assisted rhinomanometry have improved the objective assessment of nasal airway obstruction. Eustachian tube obstruction has been shown after nasal provocation by a new procedure, sonotubometry, which can be performed in series with rhinomanometry and pulmonary spirometry. As will be described these procedures have helped elucidate the extent and pathophysiology of diseases affecting the upper airway, especially allergic rhinitis. At present, nasal provocation is primarily a clinical investigative test. It is anticipated that with further development and refinement, it can be used to a greater extent in the diagnosis and management of nasal diseases.
鼻激发试验是将特定因素引入鼻腔，并随后评估该刺激所诱发的病理生理变化。激发试验主要影响鼻气道，但也可能影响相邻器官，包括咽鼓管、中耳、鼻窦和下呼吸道。微电脑辅助鼻阻力测量法在鼻气道阻力测量方面的最新进展，改善了对鼻气道阻塞的客观评估。一种新的方法——声管测量法，已显示在鼻激发试验后会出现咽鼓管阻塞，该方法可与鼻阻力测量法和肺量计测量法相继进行。正如将要描述的，这些方法有助于阐明影响上呼吸道疾病的范围和病理生理学，尤其是变应性鼻炎。目前，鼻激发试验主要是一项临床研究性试验。预计随着进一步的发展和完善，它可在更大程度上用于鼻腔疾病的诊断和管理。
