Department of Paediatric Oncology, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK.
Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2020 Nov;67(11):e28675. doi: 10.1002/pbc.28675. Epub 2020 Sep 1.
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rare in children but is the most common renal tumor in adults. Pediatric RCC has different clinical characteristics, histopathology, and treatment compared with adult disease. Databases were reviewed from inception to February 2020, identifying 32 publications pertaining to 350 patients under 27 years. Surgery is the cornerstone for cure in localized RCC. Lymph node dissection remains controversial. Conventional radiotherapy has no curative role in RCC; similarly, conventional chemotherapy has not proven to be effective in large cohorts. Pediatric metastatic RCC has a poor outlook. There are no published prospective studies demonstrating which adjuvant therapy could improve outcome. Sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is recommended in this group despite limited evidence. This review provides an overview for pediatric RCC, including the evolving role of precision medicine.
肾细胞癌（RCC）在儿童中罕见，但在成人中是最常见的肾肿瘤。儿科 RCC 与成人疾病相比具有不同的临床特征、组织病理学和治疗方法。从开始到 2020 年 2 月，对数据库进行了回顾，确定了 32 篇与 27 岁以下 350 名患者相关的出版物。手术是局部 RCC 治愈的基石。淋巴结清扫仍然存在争议。传统放疗在 RCC 中没有治愈作用；同样，传统化疗在大队列中也没有证明有效。儿科转移性 RCC 预后不佳。目前尚无前瞻性研究表明哪种辅助治疗可以改善预后。尽管证据有限，但推荐在这组患者中使用酪氨酸激酶抑制剂舒尼替尼。本文综述了儿科 RCC 的情况，包括精准医学的发展作用。
