SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine, UK.
Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Gastrosurgical Research and Education, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Appetite. 2021 Jan 1;156:104807. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104807. Epub 2020 Aug 29.
The alarming rise in obesity and relative lack of pharmacotherapies to treat, what is becoming a global epidemic, has necessitated that an increasing number of bariatric procedures be performed. Several surgical techniques have been developed during the last 50 years and the advent of laparoscopic surgery has increased the safety and efficacy of these procedures. Bariatric surgery is by a substantial margin, the most efficacious means of achieving sustained weight loss maintenance in patients with obesity. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) elicits the most favourable metabolic outcomes with attendant benefits for type 2 diabetes and, cardiovascular disease as well as endocrine disorders and cancers in females. RYGB is the most extensively studied bariatric procedure regarding mechanism of action. In this review we catalogue the multiple alterations in secretion of gut hormones (ghrelin, obestatin, cholecystokinin, GLP-1, PYY, GIP, oxyntomodulin, glicentin and GLP-2) occurring after RYGB and summarise evidence indicating that these changes play a role in the reduction of food intake and improvements in glucose homeostasis.
肥胖症的惊人上升和相对缺乏治疗药物，使得这种情况正在成为一种全球流行疾病，这使得越来越多的减肥手术得以实施。在过去的 50 年中，已经开发出了几种手术技术，而腹腔镜手术的出现提高了这些手术的安全性和效果。减肥手术是治疗肥胖症患者持续体重维持的最有效方法。Roux-en-Y 胃旁路手术（RYGB）可产生最有利的代谢结果，同时对 2 型糖尿病、心血管疾病以及女性内分泌紊乱和癌症也有好处。RYGB 是关于作用机制的研究最多的减肥手术。在这篇综述中，我们列出了 RYGB 后发生的多种肠道激素（ghrelin、obestatin、胆囊收缩素、GLP-1、PYY、GIP、oxyntomodulin、glicentin 和 GLP-2）分泌的改变，并总结了表明这些改变在减少食物摄入和改善葡萄糖稳态方面发挥作用的证据。
