Noble M, Murray K, Stroobant P, Waterfield M D, Riddle P
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, London, UK.
Nature. 1988 Jun 9;333(6173):560-2. doi: 10.1038/333560a0.
The mitogens which modulate cell-cell interactions during development of the central nervous system are unknown. One of the few interactions sufficiently well understood to allow identification of such molecules involves the two glial lineages which make up the rat optic nerve. One population of glial cells in this tissue, the type-1 astrocytes, secrete a soluble factor(s) which promotes division of a second population of bipotential oligodendrocyte/type-2 astrocyte (O-2A) progenitor cells; these progenitors give rise to oligodendrocytes, which myelinate large axons in the CNS, and type-2 astrocytes, which enwrap bare axons at nodes of Ranvier. Type-1 astrocytes also promote progenitor motility, and inhibit the premature differentiation of progenitors into oligodendrocytes which occur when these cells are grown in the absence of type-1 astrocytes. We have now found that platelet-derived growth factor mimics the effects of type-1 astrocytes on O-2A progenitor cells, and antibodies to PDGF block the effects of type-1 astrocytes.
在中枢神经系统发育过程中调节细胞间相互作用的促有丝分裂原尚不清楚。为数不多的、人们对其相互作用了解得足够透彻从而能够鉴定此类分子的情况之一，涉及构成大鼠视神经的两种神经胶质谱系。该组织中的一类神经胶质细胞，即1型星形胶质细胞，分泌一种可溶性因子，可促进另一类双潜能少突胶质细胞/2型星形胶质细胞（O-2A）祖细胞的分裂；这些祖细胞可分化为少突胶质细胞（在中枢神经系统中使大轴突形成髓鞘）和2型星形胶质细胞（在郎飞结处包裹裸露的轴突）。1型星形胶质细胞还可促进祖细胞的运动，并抑制祖细胞在缺乏1型星形胶质细胞的情况下生长时过早分化为少突胶质细胞。我们现已发现，血小板衍生生长因子可模拟1型星形胶质细胞对O-2A祖细胞的作用，而针对血小板衍生生长因子的抗体可阻断1型星形胶质细胞的作用。
