Gottesmann C
Laboratoire de Psychophysiologie, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Nice, France.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1988 Spring;12(1):39-48. doi: 10.1016/s0149-7634(88)80072-1.
The intercollicular transected preparation opened a rich field for investigations of sleep-wake mechanisms. Initial results showed that brain stem ascending influences are essential for maintaining an activated cortex. It was subsequently shown that the forebrain also develops activating influences, since EEG desynchronization of the cortex reappears in the chronic cerveau isolé preparation, and continuous or almost continuous theta rhythm is able to occur in the acute cerveau isolé preparation. A brief "intermediate stage" of sleep occurs during natural sleep just prior to and after paradoxical sleep. It is characterized by cortical spindle bursts, hippocampal low frequency theta activity (two patterns of the acute cerveau isolé preparation) and is accompanied by a very low thalamic transmission level, suggesting a cerveau isolé-like state. The chronic cerveau isolé preparation also demonstrates that the executive processes of paradoxical sleep are located in the lower brain stem, while the occurrence of this sleep stage seems to be modulated by forebrain structures.
中脑间横断标本为睡眠-觉醒机制的研究开辟了广阔领域。初步结果表明，脑干上行影响对于维持激活的皮层至关重要。随后发现，前脑也会产生激活影响，因为在慢性孤立脑标本中皮层脑电图去同步化会再次出现，并且在急性孤立脑标本中能够出现持续或几乎持续的θ节律。在自然睡眠中，在异相睡眠之前和之后会出现一个短暂的“中间阶段”睡眠。其特征是皮层纺锤波爆发、海马低频θ活动（急性孤立脑标本的两种模式），并伴有非常低的丘脑传递水平，提示类似孤立脑的状态。慢性孤立脑标本还表明，异相睡眠的执行过程位于脑桥下部，而这个睡眠阶段的出现似乎受前脑结构调节。
